Comparative study of the organisation and phenotypes of bladder interstitial cells in human, mouse and rat

Gevaert, Thomas; Neuhaus, Jochen; Vanstreels, Els; Daelemans, Dirk; Everaerts, Wouter; Aa, Frank Van der; Timmermans, Jean‐Pierre; Roskams, Tania; Steiner, Clara; Pintelon, Isabel; Ridder, Dirk De

doi:10.1007/s00441-017-2694-9

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The relevance of these cells for the physiologic and pathologic function of the bladder has been implied by evidence at several levels. Their strategical positioning at the border between the urothelial layer and the deep lamina propria is accompanied by characteristic receptor expression [7,9] and by the expression of Cx43, leading to the formation of a functional syncytium in vivo [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanosensitivity Is a Characteristic Feature of Cultured Suburothelial Interstitial Cells of the Human Bladder

Neuhaus

Gonsior

Cheng

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Bladder dysfunction is characterized by urgency, frequency (pollakisuria, nocturia), and dysuria and may lead to urinary incontinence. Most of these symptoms can be attributed to disturbed bladder sensitivity. There is growing evidence that, besides the urothelium, suburothelial interstitial cells (suICs) are involved in bladder afferent signal processing. The massive expansion of the bladder during the filling phase implicates mechanical stress delivered to the whole bladder wall. Little is known about the reaction of suICs upon mechanical stress. Therefore, we investigated the effects of mechanical stimulation in cultured human suICs. We used fura-2 calcium imaging as a major physiological readout. We found spontaneous intracellular calcium activity in 75 % of the cultured suICs. Defined local pressure application via a glass micropipette led to local increased calcium activity in all stimulated suICs, spreading over the whole cell. A total of 51% of the neighboring cells in a radius of up to 100 µm from the stimulated cell showed an increased activity. Hypotonic ringer and shear stress also induced calcium transients. We found an 18-times increase in syncytial activity compared to unstimulated controls, resulting in an amplification of the primary calcium signal elicited in single cells by 50%. Our results speak in favor of a high sensitivity of suICs for mechanical stress and support the view of a functional syncytium between suICs, which can amplify and distribute local stimuli. Previous studies of connexin expression in the human bladder suggest that this mechanism could also be relevant in normal and pathological function of the bladder in vivo.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The major differences in their distribution define sublayers of the lamina propria, referred to as the upper lamina propria and deeper lamina propria [8]. Recent comparative studies on ICs in human and the major laboratory animals suggest that the understanding of the roles of ICs partly needs revision [7,9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanosensitivity Is a Characteristic Feature of Cultured Suburothelial Interstitial Cells of the Human Bladder

Neuhaus

Gonsior

Cheng

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…Recently, Gevaert et al showed in detail the highly similar organization of the interstitial network in the upper and deep lamina propria and the detrusor muscle in human, rat, and mouse bladders [ 137 ]. Despite these extensive similarities of the interstitial phenotypes, several obvious interspecies differences exist, like a predominantly myoid phenotype and contractile micro-filament-enriched lamina propria in the human bladder in comparison with the predominantly fibroblast-like phenotypes found in rat and mouse bladders, which would affect in turn the functional regeneration process.…”

Section: Tissue Engineering For Urinary Bladder Regenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioengineering Approaches for Bladder Regeneration

Serrano‐Aroca

Donoso

Moreno‐Manzano

2018

IJMS

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Current clinical strategies for bladder reconstruction or substitution are associated to serious problems. Therefore, new alternative approaches are becoming more and more necessary. The purpose of this work is to review the state of the art of the current bioengineering advances and obstacles reported in bladder regeneration. Tissue bladder engineering requires an ideal engineered bladder scaffold composed of a biocompatible material suitable to sustain the mechanical forces necessary for bladder filling and emptying. In addition, an engineered bladder needs to reconstruct a compliant muscular wall and a highly specialized urothelium, well-orchestrated under control of autonomic and sensory innervations. Bioreactors play a very important role allowing cell growth and specialization into a tissue-engineered vascular construct within a physiological environment. Bioprinting technology is rapidly progressing, achieving the generation of custom-made structural supports using an increasing number of different polymers as ink with a high capacity of reproducibility. Although many promising results have been achieved, few of them have been tested with clinical success. This lack of satisfactory applications is a good reason to discourage researchers in this field and explains, somehow, the limited high-impact scientific production in this area during the last decade, emphasizing that still much more progress is required before bioengineered bladders become a commonplace in the clinical setting.

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“…The interstitial cells of Cajal are better known than the fibroblasts, even if their ultrastructure in the bladder is not well documented (with some important exception, e.g., Ref. 35), and there are many claims about their functional properties and their subtypes (36). The issue of interstitial cells of Cajal in the bladder is presented in several review articles (e.g., Ref.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle cells, nerves, fibroblasts and vessels in the detrusor of the rat urinary bladder

Gabella

2019

J. Smooth Muscle Res.

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All the cells of rat detrusor muscle fall into one of five ultrastructural types: muscle cells, fibroblasts, axons and glia, and vascular cells (endothelial cells and pericytes). The tissue is ~79% cellular and 21% non-cellular. Muscle cells occupy 72%, nerves ~4% (1/3 axons, 2/3 glia), and fibroblast >3% of space. Muscle cells (up to 6 µm across and ~600 µm long, packed to almost 100,000 per mm2) have surface-to-volume ratio of 2.4 µm2/µm3 ~93% of cell volume is contractile apparatus, 3.1% mitochondria and 2.5% nucleus. Cell profiles are irregular but sectional area decreases regularly towards either end of the cell. Muscle cells are gathered into bundles (the mechanical units of detrusor), variable in length and size, but of constant width. The musculature is highly compact (without fascia or capsule) with smooth outer surfaces and extensive association and adhesion between its cells. Among many types of intercellular contact and junction, digitations are very common, each muscle cell issuing minute finger-like processes that abut on adjacent cells. Sealed apposition are wide areas of specialized contact, possibly forming a chamber between two muscle cells, distinct from the extracellular space at large (stromal space). The innervation is very dense, virtually all intramuscular axons being varicose (including afferent ones). There are identifiable neuro-muscular junctions on each muscle cell, often several junctions on a single cell. There are also unattached terminals. Fibroblasts (involved in the production of collagen), ~1% of the total number of cells, do not make specialized contacts.

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Comparative study of the organisation and phenotypes of bladder interstitial cells in human, mouse and rat

Cited by 9 publications

References 27 publications

Mechanosensitivity Is a Characteristic Feature of Cultured Suburothelial Interstitial Cells of the Human Bladder

Mechanosensitivity Is a Characteristic Feature of Cultured Suburothelial Interstitial Cells of the Human Bladder

Bioengineering Approaches for Bladder Regeneration

Muscle cells, nerves, fibroblasts and vessels in the detrusor of the rat urinary bladder

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