Comparative study of the protective effect between deferoxamine and deferiprone on chronic iron overload induced cardiotoxicity in rats

Abstract

<jats:p> Patients with iron overload frequently suffer from hemochromatosis of major organs, such as the heart and liver. Heart affection is the most common cause of death in patients with iron overload. Although the beneficial effects of deferoxamine (DFO) on iron-associated mortality are well documented, the role of deferiprone in the management of transfusional iron overload is controversial. The aim of this study was to compare the protective effect of iron chelators (DFO and deferiprone) individually and in combination with the anti-oxidant (vitamin C) in the prevention of myocardial damage. Sixty albino rats were divided into six groups: two control groups (noniron-loaded and iron-loaded) and four iron-loaded groups classified as follows: DFO group, DFO combined with vitamin C group, deferiprone group and deferiprone combined with vitamin C group. Heart tissue and blood samples were taken for histopathological examination of the heart, determination of total iron-binding capacity, 8-OH-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG), myocardial lipid peroxidation and glutathione (GSH) content. Less histopathological cardiac changes and a significant decrease in all biochemical parameters, except myocardial GSH, were observed in the deferiprone group. The addition of vitamin C improves the biochemical and histopathological changes in comparison to those rats administered DFO or deferiprone individually. </jats:p>

Role of vitamin C as an adjuvant therapy to different iron chelators in young β‐thalassemia major patients: efficacy and safety in relation to tissue iron overload

“…The significant increase in cardiac MRI T2* among our DFP-treated patients post-vitamin C supplementation could be expected because DFP therapy, either as monotherapy or in combination with DFO, has been shown to improve right and left ventricular ejection fraction which may further contribute to improved cardiac function (53)(54)(55). Emara et al (13) reported that treatment with DFP alone showed mild swelling of cardiac muscle fibers, while, on addition of vita-min C, the cardiac tissue appeared ultrastructurally more or less normal.…”

“…Emara et al . reported that treatment with DFP alone showed mild swelling of cardiac muscle fibers, while, on addition of vitamin C, the cardiac tissue appeared ultrastructurally more or less normal.…”

“…Vitamin C is a strong antioxidant capable of scavenging a wide variety of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. It is the most effective antioxidant in human plasma against lipid peroxidation induced by peroxyl radicals . Regular supply of vitamin C or dietary nutrition is not sufficient to meet the cell's requirement for antioxidant protection in patients with severe transfusion‐dependent thalassemia .…”

Effect of inhaled anesthetics gases on cytokines and oxidative stress alterations for the staff health status in hospitals

“…The imbalance between ROS production and antioxidant defenses is called oxidative stress (Emara et al 2006;Aldubayan et al 2019). A range of non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidant systems that work to maintain a healthy ROS balance has been described by Lim (2014) and are investigated for their bene cial effects against numerous chronic conditions (Emara et al 2010).…”

Iron overload potentiates diet‐induced hypercholesterolemia and reduces liver ppar‐α expression in hamsters

“…A high dietary intake of iron through meat or nutritional supplements is also a potential cause of iron overload 2. There have been animal and epidemiologic studies that suggest that a high iron status may increase the risk of heart disease 3–5. Since Sullivan's iron hypothesis proposal was put forth 3, the relationship between iron stores and atherosclerosis has become a topic that continues to be debated in the literature.…”