Comparative study of β-glucan induced respiratory burst measured by nitroblue tetrazolium assay and real-time luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence assay in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

Vera-Jiménez, N.I.; Pietretti, Danilo; Wiegertjes, G.F.; Nielsen, Michael Engelbrecht

doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2013.02.004

Cited by 38 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Respiratory burst activity is an indicator of innate immunity, infection, and inflammation. When assessed using NBT as described herein, it determines the production of superoxide formation from neutrophils, the cellular equivalents of reptilian heterophils, and monocytes [ 41 ]. Superoxide formation and release is critical in host defense to bacterial and parasitic infections and is increased in animals following antimicrobial challenges [ 42 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic debilitation in stranded loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) in the southeastern United States: Morphometrics and clinicopathological findings

et al. 2018

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Chronically debilitated loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) (DT) are characterized by emaciation, lethargy, and heavy barnacle coverage. Although histopathological findings associated with this condition have been reported, only limited data is available on health variables with clinical application. The objectives of this study were to 1) to compare morphometrics, clinicopathological variables, and immune functions of DTs to a group of apparently healthy loggerhead turtles to better understand the pathophysiology of the condition and 2) to assess health parameters in live debilitated turtles as they recovered during rehabilitation in order to identify potential prognostic indicators. We examined and sampled 43 DTs stranded from North Carolina to Florida for 47 health variables using standardized protocols to further characterize the condition. DTs were grouped into categories of severity of the condition, and those that survived were sampled at four time points through rehabilitation. All groups and time points were compared among DTs and to clinically healthy loggerhead turtles. Compared to healthy turtles, DTs had significantly lower body condition index, packed cell volume (PCV), total white blood cell (WBC) count, lymphocytes, glucose (Glc), total protein, all protein fractions as determined by electrophoresis, calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), Ca:P ratio, potassium (K), lymphocyte proliferation, and greater heterophil toxicity and left-shifting, uric acid (UA), aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, lysozyme, and respiratory burst. From admission to recovery, hematology and plasma chemistry data improved as expected. The most informative prognostic indicators, as determined by correlations with a novel severity indicator (based on survival times), were plastron concavity, P, albumin, total solids, UA, lymphocyte proliferation, WBC, K, Glc, Ca:P, and PCV. The results of this study document the wide range and extent of morphometric and metabolic derangements in chronically debilitated turtles. Monitoring morphometrics and clinicopathological variables of these animals is essential for diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis during rehabilitation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic debilitation in stranded loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) in the southeastern United States: Morphometrics and clinicopathological findings

et al. 2018

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“…Head‐kidney leucocytes were isolated as previously described (Chung & Secombes ; Vera‐Jimenez et al . ). Pooled head‐kidney tissue was gently passed through a 100‐μm sterile cell strainer and rinsed with approximately 6 mL of homogenization buffer.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…; Vera‐Jimenez et al . ). A 100 m m stock solution of luminol (5‐amino‐2, 3‐dihydro‐1, 4‐phthalazinedione; Sigma‐Aldrich Inc.) was prepared by dissolving 17.7 mg luminol in 1 mL cell culture grade dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO; Sigma‐Aldrich Inc.) and stored at 4 °C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purified deoxynivalenol or feed restriction reduces mortality in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), with experimental bacterial coldwater disease but biologically relevant concentrations of deoxynivalenol do not impair the growth of Flavobacterium psychrophilum

Ryerse

Hooft

Bureau

et al. 2014

Journal of Fish Diseases

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Diets containing deoxynivalenol (DON) were fed to rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) for 4 weeks followed by experimental infection (intraperitoneal) with Flavobacterium psychrophilum (4.1 × 10(6) colony-forming units [CFU] mL(-1) ). Mortality of rainbow trout fed either 6.4 mg kg(-1) DON or trout pair-fed the control diet was significantly reduced (P < 0.05) in comparison with trout fed the control diet to apparent satiation (<0.1 mg kg(-1) DON). In a second experiment, trout were fed one of three experimental diets; a control diet, a diet produced with corn naturally contaminated with DON (3.3 mg kg(-1) DON) or a diet containing purified DON (3.8 mg kg(-1) ); however, these fish were not experimentally infected. The presence of DON resulted in significant reduction (P < 0.0001) in feed intake as well as weight gain after 4 weeks. Respiratory burst of head-kidney leucocytes isolated from rainbow trout fed diets containing purified DON (3.8 mg kg(-1) ) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) at 35 day post-exposure compared with controls. The antimicrobial activity of DON was examined by subjecting F. psychrophilum in vitro to serial dilutions of the chemical. Complete inhibition occurred at a concentration of 75 mg L(-1) DON, but no effect was observed below this concentration (0-30 mg L(-1) ).

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“…In both mammals and fish β-glucan recognition results in the activation of macrophages, which induces phagocytosis, leukocyte migration and the production of cytokines (e.g. IL-1, TNFα), nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species, as well as the enhancement of complement activity [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. Recent studies in juveniles and adult fishes have for example shown that yeast β-1,3/1,6-glucan in form of MacroGard ® increases complement activity [31,32] and induced an anti-inflammatory effect [27] in carp (Cyprinus carpio) juveniles.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary β-glucan (MacroGard®) enhances survival of first feeding turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) larvae by altering immunity, metabolism and microbiota

Miest

Arndt

Adamek

et al. 2016

Fish & Shellfish Immunology

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Please cite this article as: Miest JJ, Arndt C, Adamek M, Steinhagen D, Reusch TBH, Dietary β-glucan (MacroGard ® ) enhances survival of first feeding turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) larvae by altering immunity, metabolism and microbiota, Fish and Shellfish Immunology (2015), doi: 10.1016/ j.fsi.2015 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. (1 nauplius ml/L). Daily mortality was monitored and larvae were sampled at 11 and 24 dph for expression of 30 genes, microbiota analysis, trypsin activity and size measurements.Along with the feeding of β-glucan daily mortality was significantly reduced by ca. 15% and an alteration of the larval microbiota was observed. At 11 dph gene expression of trypsin and chymotrypsin was elevated in the MacroGard ® fed fish, which resulted in heightened tryptic enzyme activity. No effect on genes encoding antioxidative proteins was observed, whilst the immune response was clearly modulated by β-glucan. At 11 dph complement component c3 was elevated whilst cytokines, antimicrobial peptides, toll like receptor 3 and heat shock protein 70 were not affected. At the later time point (24 dph) an anti-inflammatory effect in form of a down-regulation of hsp 70, tnf-α and il-1β was observed. We conclude that the administration of MacroGard ® induced an immunomodulatory response and could be used as an effective measure to increase survival in rearing of turbot.

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Comparative study of β-glucan induced respiratory burst measured by nitroblue tetrazolium assay and real-time luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence assay in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

Cited by 38 publications

References 59 publications

Chronic debilitation in stranded loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) in the southeastern United States: Morphometrics and clinicopathological findings

Chronic debilitation in stranded loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) in the southeastern United States: Morphometrics and clinicopathological findings

Purified deoxynivalenol or feed restriction reduces mortality in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), with experimental bacterial coldwater disease but biologically relevant concentrations of deoxynivalenol do not impair the growth of Flavobacterium psychrophilum

Dietary β-glucan (MacroGard®) enhances survival of first feeding turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) larvae by altering immunity, metabolism and microbiota

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