Comparative study on gastrointestinal microbiota of eight fish species with different feeding habits

Abstract

Aims: To reveal the effects of fish genotype, feeding habits and serum physiological index on the composition of gastrointestinal microbiota, eight fish species with four different feeding habits were investigated. Methods and Results: The V1 to V3 regions of 16S rRNA gene were analysed by high-throughput sequencing (454 platform) to compare the gut microbiota of different fish species. A total of 551 995 high-quality sequences with an average length of 463 bp were obtained from the 48 samples. No significant difference was observed among the detected sequences obtained from fishes with different feeding habits (One-way ANOVA, F = 1Á003, P = 0Á400), but the number of OTUs among different feeding habits was significantly different (One-way ANOVA, F = 7Á564, P < 0Á001). Additionally, significant correlations were detected between the fish genotype and microbial composition (partial Mantel test, all P values = 0Á001) in the stomach, foregut and hindgut. Moreover, different core intestinal microbiota was also noticed in the eight fish species with different feeding habits. Conclusions: Feeding habits and genotype clearly affected the gastrointestinal microbiota of fish. Moreover, the evolutionary process shaped the serum physiological indexes of fish. Significance and Impact of the Study: This study provided much important information for developing commercial fish feeds.

Gut content microbiota of introduced bigheaded carps ( Hypophthalmichthys spp.) inhabiting the largest shallow lake in Central Europe

“…The particular intestinal bacterial communities found in bigheaded carps and the dissimilar microbial compositions characteristic to different sections of the digestive tract were in accordance with the findings of other studies (Li et al, 2014;Ye et al, 2014). The remarkable change in composition between gut sections can be attributed to the digestion process that takes place between the foregut and hindgut and difference in the chemical environment of the two gut sections (Sullam et al, 2012).…”

“…In contrast, Fusobacteria were detected only in a minor proportion in the gut contents of bigheaded carps collected in China and in the United States (Li et al, 2014;Ye et al, 2014). In the alimentary tract of bigheaded carps living in Lake Balaton, obligate anaerobic (e.g.…”

“…Cyanobacteria were predominant in the gut microbiota of fish inhabiting different rivers of the USA (Ye et al, 2014), while their abundance was very low in the intestinal microbiota of both silver carp and bighead carp living in the shallow Wuhu Lake, China (Li et al, 2014).…”

“…However, all fish species have specific microbe communities thriving in their digestive tracts (Ghanbari et al, 2015). Composition and functioning of these intestinal microbes change along sections of the digestive tract and vary among fish species and across habitats (Sullam et al, 2012;Li et al, 2014;Ni et al, 2014;Li et al, 2015).…”

“…genetic and physiological features of the host) and external factors (e.g. the trophic status of the habitat or the feeding habits of the fish) (Li et al, 2014;Ye et al, 2014;Li et al, 2015). Accordingly, bigheaded carps are ideal study objects to investigate the trophic interaction between bacteria and fish.…”