Comparative Study on the In-Ladle Treatment Techniques for Nodulizing the Iron’s Graphite

Kiss, Imre

doi:10.31803/tg-20210209111953

Cited by 2 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…The nodularizers are added into the liquid iron to promote the formation of spheroidal (or compacted) form of graphite, specific for the ductile irons. Therefore, a certain quantity of nodularizing agent is necessary to obtain the spheroidal (or compacted) form of graphite [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. So, production of ductile iron with consistent properties is generally accomplished by the addition of nodulizing elements in the iron alloys [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, a certain quantity of nodularizing agent is necessary to obtain the spheroidal (or compacted) form of graphite [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. So, production of ductile iron with consistent properties is generally accomplished by the addition of nodulizing elements in the iron alloys [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Nodulizers such as magnesium (Mg), cerium (Ce) and rare earth elements, alone or as pre-alloys, promote the formation of spheroidal graphite in iron.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nodulizers such as magnesium (Mg), cerium (Ce) and rare earth elements, alone or as pre-alloys, promote the formation of spheroidal graphite in iron. Among these, magnesium (Mg) is the most commonly used in the production of ductile iron [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Depending on the characteristics of each pre-alloy used as nodulizing agent, different treatment techniques are used. Among these, the most widely used are the in-ladle, the inmould, and the flow-through methods, the first being the most used [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Most in-ladle treatments involve the use of pre-alloys (usually magnesium-ferrosilicon) in a specially prepared ladles, as in the open ladle (sandwich) and covered ladle (tundish) processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most in-ladle treatments involve the use of pre-alloys (usually magnesium-ferrosilicon) in a specially prepared ladles, as in the open ladle (sandwich) and covered ladle (tundish) processes. In the practice of nodulization it is demonstrated that, compared to open ladle techniques, the use of a covered ladle gives better magnesium (Mg) assimilation with much less fume [4][5][6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Constructive Improvements in the In-Ladle Treatments

Kiss¹

2022

Teh. glas. (Online)

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Nodular gray cast iron having properties superior to conventional gray cast iron can be produced by treating the molten iron so that, when cast, the graphite will be compacted rather than in flake form. One such treatment involves the introduction of magnesium (Mg) into a molten iron bath of such composition. It is the principal object of the present industrial experiments to provide an improved process for the ductile cast iron production. Another object is to provide a process which permits the efficient use of the nodulizing agents, which results in the efficient production of an improved homogeneous nodular cast iron. Essentially such treatments result in the retention by the cast iron of small amounts of nodulizing agents, for example magnesium (Mg). Conventionally these agents are added to cast iron, usually in the form of pre-alloys and the efficiency of the process is illustrated by the high assimilation of the added nodulizer’s constituents. Another object of this technological practice is to provide an improved method for introducing the nodulizing agents, using constructive improvements to the in-ladle equipment. Finding magnesium (Mg) using novel techniques is the first step to advance the understanding of the role of magnesium (Mg) in the formation of the nodular graphite, the mechanism behind nodular graphite formation due to the addition of Magnesium (Mg) being still relative unclear at present time. Moreover, this may advance new methods to improve the nodulizing treatment process. This study take into account the flexibility of the used technique, which describes the elasticity of the treatment process, by improvement or alternative to the existing one. As nodulizing agents magnesium-ferrosilicon (Fe-Si-Mg type) and cerium-magnesium-ferrosilicon (Nodulin type) are examples of materials containing nodulizing agents that have given excellent results in the mixture. This experiments relates to a process for the production of ductile iron (nodular gray cast iron) and particularly to a process for adding magnesium (Mg) to the melted iron.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Constructive Improvements in the In-Ladle Treatments

Kiss¹

2022

Teh. glas. (Online)

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Impact of Out-of-Furnace Cast Iron Processing on the Environment

Pribulová

Fedorko

Futáš

et al. 2022

SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference� EXPO Proceedings

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Ductile iron is currently one of the most popular construction materials. Its mechanical properties are close to those of steel. The basic material in the production of ductile iron is gray iron, which can be produced in a cupola or in an electric induction or electric arc furnace. After tapping the gray cast iron from the furnace, the gray cast iron is processing into ductile iron. This process is called modification. Magnesium and its alloys and cerium are most often used as modifiers. In addition to the modification, the cast iron must then be inoculated. This paper deals with the impact of gray cast iron modification on the working environment. The experiments were performed in two foundries, where three modification technologies were used: the pouring method, the Tundisch cover and the Flottret method. The aim of the experiments was to determine how the individual modification methods affect the development of magnesium vapor, the content of carbon monoxide in the working environment and the temperature in the working environment. During the experiments, the CO content and temperature were measured before the modification itself, immediately after the modification and one hour after the modification. The greatest development of CO occurred after the modification. This was most significant in the pouring method. A similar situation occurred in the case of a change in temperature. Within one hour of the start of the modification, both the CO content and the ambient temperature returned to the original level before the modification.

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Comparative Study on the In-Ladle Treatment Techniques for Nodulizing the Iron’s Graphite

Cited by 2 publications

References 1 publication

Constructive Improvements in the In-Ladle Treatments

Constructive Improvements in the In-Ladle Treatments

Impact of Out-of-Furnace Cast Iron Processing on the Environment

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