Comparative study on toxicity of ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles on Artemia salina: effect of pre-UV-A and visible light irradiation

Bhuvaneshwari, M.; Sagar, Bhawana; Doshi, Siddharth; Chandrasekaran, N.; Mukherjee, Amitava

doi:10.1007/s11356-016-8328-z

Cited by 39 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…The increase in starch grains and the production of larger grains has been reported in algae and higher aquatic plants after exposure to various ENMs [94,95]. Several authors reported increased lipid bodies and starch grains mainly occur under oxidative stress conditions [96][97][98], a toxicity mechanism commonly reported in nanotoxicity [99,100]. in algae and higher aquatic plants after exposure to various ENMs [94,95].…”

Section: Sunscreen Pr-enms Interaction With Biota 231 Interaction With P Subcapitatamentioning

confidence: 88%

“…in algae and higher aquatic plants after exposure to various ENMs [94,95]. Several authors reported increased lipid bodies and starch grains mainly occur under oxidative stress conditions [96][97][98], a toxicity mechanism commonly reported in nanotoxicity [99,100]. Similar to SUN1, SUN2-3 PR-ENMs were also not internalised but were adsorbed on the cell walls.…”

Section: Sunscreen Pr-enms Interaction With Biota 231 Interaction With P Subcapitatamentioning

confidence: 96%

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Aquatic Toxicity Effects and Risk Assessment of ‘Form Specific’ Product-Released Engineered Nanomaterials

Lehutso

Wesley-Smith

Thwala

2021

IJMS

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The study investigated the toxicity effects of ‘form specific’ engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) and ions released from nano-enabled products (NEPs), namely sunscreens, sanitisers, body creams and socks on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Spirodela polyrhiza, and Daphnia magna. Additionally, risk estimation emanating from the exposures was undertaken. The ENMs and the ions released from the products both contributed to the effects to varying extents, with neither being a uniform principal toxicity agent across the exposures; however, the effects were either synergistic or antagonistic. D. magna and S. polyrhiza were the most sensitive and least sensitive test organisms, respectively. The most toxic effects were from ENMs and ions released from sanitisers and sunscreens, whereas body creams and sock counterparts caused negligible effects. The internalisation of the ENMs from the sunscreens could not be established; only adsorption on the biota was evident. It was established that ENMs and ions released from products pose no imminent risk to ecosystems; instead, small to significant adverse effects are expected in the worst-case exposure scenario. The study demonstrates that while ENMs from products may not be considered to pose an imminent risk, increasing nanotechnology commercialization may increase their environmental exposure and risk potential; therefore, priority exposure cases need to be examined.

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Section: Sunscreen Pr-enms Interaction With Biota 231 Interaction With P Subcapitatamentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Sunscreen Pr-enms Interaction With Biota 231 Interaction With P Subcapitatamentioning

confidence: 96%

Aquatic Toxicity Effects and Risk Assessment of ‘Form Specific’ Product-Released Engineered Nanomaterials

Lehutso

Wesley-Smith

Thwala

2021

IJMS

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“…In addition to organic filters, nanoparticles of both TiO 2 and ZnO have also been shown to have toxic effects on marine microalgae and zooplankton. [45][46][47][48] Although further studies are required on a wider diversity of species, these findings indicate that some UV filters have toxic effects on organisms at the bottom of the marine food web, with any alterations in these populations having potentially damaging consequences on organisms at higher trophic levels. 44…”

Section: Impact Of Uv Filters On Marine Organisms and Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 94%

UV filters and their impact on marine life: state of the science, data gaps, and next steps

Lebaron

2022

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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Sunscreens containing broad‐spectrum ultraviolet (UV) filters play an essential role in protecting the skin against the damage induced by sun overexposure. However, the widespread use of sunscreens and other personal care products containing these filters has led to these compounds being widely detected in the environment and being identified as emerging pollutants in marine waters. Concerns raised by laboratory studies investigating the potential impact of UV filters on coral communities have already led to bans on the use of some sunscreens in a few tourist hotspots. Although UV filter pollution may be just one of the many environmental factors impacting coral health worldwide, the media attention surrounding these studies and the legislative changes may lead patients to question dermatologists about the environmental safety of some sunscreen products. This review provides an overview of current knowledge on the impact of UV filters on marine ecosystems, concentrating on recent studies examining the effects of commonly used filters on organisms at low trophic levels and of how alternative approaches, such as metabolomics, can be used to further assess UV filter ecotoxicity. Current gaps in our knowledge are also discussed, most notably the need to increase our understanding of the longer‐term fate and behaviour of UV filters in the marine environment, develop more adapted standardized ecotoxicity tests for a wider range of marine species, and evaluate the impact of UV filters on the marine food web. We then discuss future perspectives for the development of new, more environmentally friendly, filters that may enable the use of the most toxic compounds to be reduced without compromising the effectiveness of sunscreen formulations. Finally, we consider how dermatologists play a key role in educating patients on the need for a balanced approach to sun exposure, sun protection, and conservation of the marine environment.

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“…Comparing light/dark exposures have, e.g., found illumination to influence sublethal effects of TiO 2 NM on fish, [ 83 ] as well as increased uptake and toxicity of ZnO and TiO 2 in brine shrimp. [ 84 ] These abiotic factors may not lead to the generation of NM functional fate groups directly, yet their role has to be considered when investigating the environmental fate and effect of NM. iii)Preaging of pristine NMs water, sediment or soil. …”

Section: Assessing How Transformations Impact On Bioaccumulation and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomaterial Transformations in the Environment: Effects of Changing Exposure Forms on Bioaccumulation and Toxicity

Spurgeon

Lahive

Schultz

2020

Small

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In the environment, nanomaterials (NMs) are subject to chemical transformations, such as redox reactions, dissolution, coating degradation, and organic matter, protein, and macromolecule binding, and physical transformations including homo or heteroagglomeration. The combination of these reactions can result in NMs with differing characteristics progressing through a functional fate pathway that leads to the formation of transformed NM functional fate groups with shared properties. To establish the nature of such effects of transformation on NMs, four main types of studies are conducted: 1) chemical aging for transformation of pristine NMs; 2) manipulation of test media to change NM surface properties; 3) aging of pristine NMs water, sediment, or soil; 4) NM aging in waste streams and natural environments. From these studies a paradigm of aging effects on NM uptake and toxicity can be developed. Transformation, especially speciation changes, largely results in reduced potency. Further reactions at the surface resulting in processes, such as ecocorona formation and heteroagglomeration may additionally reduce NM potency. When NMs of differing potency transform and enter environments, common transformation reaction occurring in receiving system may act to reduce the variation in hazard between different initial NMs leading to similar actual hazard under realistic exposure conditions.

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Comparative study on toxicity of ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles on Artemia salina: effect of pre-UV-A and visible light irradiation

Cited by 39 publications

References 62 publications

Aquatic Toxicity Effects and Risk Assessment of ‘Form Specific’ Product-Released Engineered Nanomaterials

Aquatic Toxicity Effects and Risk Assessment of ‘Form Specific’ Product-Released Engineered Nanomaterials

UV filters and their impact on marine life: state of the science, data gaps, and next steps

Nanomaterial Transformations in the Environment: Effects of Changing Exposure Forms on Bioaccumulation and Toxicity

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