Comparative study: sensitization development in hot-isostatic-pressed cast and wrought structures type 316L(N)-IG stainless steel under isothermal heat treatment

Electrochemical Potentiodynamic Reactivation: Development and Applications of the EPR Test

“…Double loop EPR testing (in 0.5M H 2 SO 4 + 0.01M KSCN solution at 25'C, at 100 mV/min.) confirmed [32] that significant differences in the degree of sensitization developed in cast and wrought stainless steel structures after solid hot isostatic pressing when annealed at 675'C.…”

“…These latter steps and contributions and, in particular, the most recent EPR implementation history, are also listed & albeit in a sketchy manner & in the 'history box' overleaf. o duplex stainless steels [28,43], ferritic stainless steels [29] o nickel base alloys [30,[44][45][46][47][48][49][50] o materials for nuclear applications [32,36,46,49,50,51] o alloy microstructure and precipitation [28,30,[33][34][35][36][40][41][42]46,[48][49][50] o improvements of technique, the understanding thereof and modifications thereto [26,29,30,37,38,46,[52][53][54][55] o coatings [56,57] Key Engineering Materials Vols. 261-263 857…”

“…0.01M H 2 SO 4 + 20 ppm KSCN, deaerated, RT, 0.5 mV/s[47] applied to Ni75Cr16Fe8 alloy; • 0.5M H 2 SO 4 + 0.01M KSCN[55] applied to Cr18Ni10 steel; • 0.5M H 2 SO 4 + 0.01M KSCN, 25'C, at 100 mV/min. applied to Cr18Ni12Mo2N[32] and Cr18Ni9Ti[38] steels; • 0.5M H 2 SO 4 + 0.01M KSCN, 26'C[33] applied to Cr18Ni10 and Cr17Ni10Mo steels; same conditions (deaerated solution) applied to Cr19Ni10 steel[26]; • 0.5M H 2 SO 4 + 0.01M KSCN, deaerated, 6 V/h[35] applied to Cr17Ni10Mo2N steel; • 0.5M H 2 SO 4 + 0.01M KSCN, RT, 0.1 mV/s [42] applied to Cr20Ni11Mo2 weld metal; • 0.5M H 2 SO 4 + 0.01M NH 4 SCN, RT, 6 V/h [34] applied to grade Cr18Ni10Mo steel; • 0.01M H 2 SO 4 + 20 ppm KSCN, deaerated, RT, 0.5 mV/s [50] * applied to Ni74Cr16Fe9 alloy; • 33% H 2 SO 4 + % HCl variable from 0.2 to 0.5%, magnetic agitation, without deaeration, room temperature, 10 min. potential stabilization, starting and end potential &30 mV vs. E corr , vertex potential +560 mV vs. E corr , scan rate 0.5 mV/s [30] applied to Cr16Cr19Ni26Mo5Cu2 steel and Ni59Cr16Fe4Mo16W3 alloy; • 1N KOH, deaerated (nitrogen-purged), 0.2 mV/s [36] applied to Cr24Ni15N steel.…”

SCC behavior of solid-HIPed and irradiated type 316LN-IG stainless steel in oxygenated or hydrogenated water at 423–603K

“…The solid-HIPing condition is described elsewhere [20,21]. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation (EPR) tests revealed that the solid-HIPing process did not cause any thermal sensitization of the materials [21,22]. Sheet-type miniature tensile specimens ( Fig.…”

Accelerated corrosion of stainless steel in thiocyanate-containing solutions

“…The composition of the most commonly used solutions for the EPR test is 0.5M H2SO4 + 0.01M KSCN [13][20] [21] and it varies slightly for different kinds of samples [22]. KSCN is stated to work as an activator or depassivator [12] because of the catalytic effect of KSCN on the dissolution of metals.…”