Comparative testing of anticoccidials in broiler chickens: the role of coccidial lesion scores

Conway, D. P.; Dayton, A. D.; McKenzie, M. Elizabeth

doi:10.1093/ps/78.4.529

Cited by 33 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…C. jejuni was identified in the used litter and the ileal digesta of challenged birds at 22 days of age, while the control digesta was negative for C. jejuni. The Eimeria oocyst count from the used litter was 27,000 oocyst per gram which corresponds to lesion score 1 [19]. This oocyst count was within the expected range for a poultry unit at 35 days.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 51%

The effect of microbial challenge on the intestinal proteome of broiler chickens

O'Reilly¹,

Burchmore²,

Eckersall³

et al. 2013

Farm Animal Proteomics 2013

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Background: In poultry production intestinal health and function is paramount to achieving efficient feed utilisation and growth. Uncovering the localised molecular mechanisms that occur during the early and important periods of growth that allow birds to grow optimally is important for this species. The exposure of young chicks to used litter from older flocks, containing mixed microbial populations, is a widely utilised model in poultry research. It rarely causes mortality but effects an immunogenic stimulation sufficient enough to cause reduced and uneven growth that is reflective of a challenging growing environment.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 51%

The effect of microbial challenge on the intestinal proteome of broiler chickens

O'Reilly¹,

Burchmore²,

Eckersall³

et al. 2013

Farm Animal Proteomics 2013

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“…Similarly, LivaCox® contained attenuated lines of Eimerian parasites that may have produced lesions in vaccinated chickens and unable to decrease lesions in 100% of the immunized chickens. These results demonstrated that mild to moderate lesions were produced despite immunity conferred due to LivaCox® vaccination which reflects that the coccidian parasites multiplied but may not lead to fatality to cause the disease (Conway et al 1990, Conway et al 1993and Conway et al 1999.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Field evaluation of Eimeria tenella (local isolates) gametocytes vaccine and its comparative efficacy with imported live vaccine, LivaCox®

Anwar¹,

Akhtar²,

Hussaın³

et al. 2008

Parasitol Res

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The present paper describes the field evaluation of local gametocyte vaccine and its comparative efficacy with commercial anticoccidial vaccine, LivaCox, used in breeder and broiler flocks in Pakistan. Humoral immune response in vaccinated and control chickens was monitored by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results demonstrated significantly elevated antibody titres in vaccinated groups as compared to control groups conducted both in Laboratory and field experiments. Significantly (P < 0.01) higher antibody titres in local gametocyte-vaccinated group as compared to LivaCox-vaccinated chickens were recorded. Splenic cell migration inhibition assay was used to detect the cell-mediated immune (CMI) response, and results were expressed in terms of per cent migration index. Lower per cent migration index in LivaCox-vaccinated chickens indicated the higher CMI response, as compared to local gametocyte-vaccinated chickens, although the difference was statistically non-significant (P > 0.05). Results of the challenge studies in laboratory experiments revealed significantly higher (P < 0.05) oocyst count in LivaCox-vaccinated group as compared to local gametocyte-vaccinated chickens.Maximum protection (75%) against mixed species of genus Eimeria was recorded in chickens vaccinated with gametocyte vaccines as compared to LivaCox-vaccinated group. The mean body weight gains in chickens vaccinated with local gametocyte vaccine were significantly better (P < 0.05) than in chickens vaccinated with LivaCox vaccine, both in laboratory and field experiments. Majority of the chickens (70-72%) in control group demonstrated severe lesions (3.0-4.0), while 20-26% chickens showed moderate lesions (2.0). On the other hand, local gametocyte- and LivaCox-immunized chickens developed 78% and 85% mild to moderated lesions (1.0-2.0), respectively. Results of the present study provide a probable explanation for cross-protection induced by Eimeria tenella gametocyte vaccines against other species of genus Eimeria.

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“…However, the fact that in the first study a higher inoculation dose was used may have, at least in part, further compromised the effectivity of the anticoccidial drugs tested. Conway et al (1999) have shown a dose effect on the lesion score of unmedicated and salinomycin-medicated chickens; higher lesion scores occurred in both categories if a higher inoculation dose was used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Resistance to anticoccidial drugs of Dutch avianEimeriaspp. field isolates originating from 1996, 1999 and 2001

Peek¹,

Landman²

2003

Avian Pathology

117

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Fifteen Eimeria spp. field isolates sampled on Dutch broiler farms were subjected to an Anticoccidial Sensitivity Test (AST) in a battery cage study. Four isolates dated from 1996, another four from 1999 and the last seven isolates from 2001. The selected anticoccidial drugs were monensin, narasin, salinomycin, lasalocid, nicarbazin, diclazuril, halofuginone, maduramicin and meticlorpindol/methylbenzoquate. Maduramicin and halofuginone were not included in the ASTs of 1999 and 2001, while meticlorpindol/methylbenzoquate was not tested in 1996 and 1999. Eimeria acervulina present in each of the four 1996 field isolates showed resistance for almost all products tested except maduramicin (1/4) and salinomycin (114), which appeared to be reduced sensitive. In 1999 the same species presented a similar resistance pattern for most products, although reduced sensitivity occurred for salinomycin (1/4), and sensitivity was found for diclazuril (2/4), monensin (1/4) and narasin (1/4). In the year 2001 increased sensitivity to various products was found. Higher sensitivity was found for meticlorpindol/ methylbenzoquate (7/7) and salinomycin and narasin (both 4/7), followed by nicarbazin (3/7) and monensin (2/7). Reduced sensitivity was found for monensin (3/7), lasalocid (2/7), salinomycin and narasin (1/7). E. maxima was only found in one field isolate per year. The E. maxima from 1996 was resistant to all products except narasin (sensitive) and halofuginone (reduced sensitive). In 1999 this species was reduced sensitive to narasin and lasalocid, showing resistance for the other products. The strain originating from the 2001 isolate was reduced sensitive to most products except monensin and narasin (resistant). Full sensitivity was found for meticlorpindol/ methylbenzoquate. E. tenella was present in one isolate of 1996, two of 1999 and four isolates of 2001. The AST of 1996 showed reduced sensitivity for nicarbazin, and sensitive to narasin, maduramicin and halofuginone. All other products showed resistance. In 1999 both strains showed resistance to all products tested. For the year 2001 full sensitivity was found to meticlorpindol/methylbenzoquate. Sensitivity was also found for salinomycin (1/4), nicarbazin (2/4), diclazuril (2/4) and lasalocid (2/4), monensin (1/4) and narasin (1/4). Reduced sensitivity was found for nicarbazin (1/4), lasalocid (1/4) and narasin (1/4). The different resistance patterns of Dutch coccidiosis isolates and resistance of coccidia in general is discussed.

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Comparative testing of anticoccidials in broiler chickens: the role of coccidial lesion scores

Cited by 33 publications

References 15 publications

The effect of microbial challenge on the intestinal proteome of broiler chickens

The effect of microbial challenge on the intestinal proteome of broiler chickens

Field evaluation of Eimeria tenella (local isolates) gametocytes vaccine and its comparative efficacy with imported live vaccine, LivaCox®

Resistance to anticoccidial drugs of Dutch avianEimeriaspp. field isolates originating from 1996, 1999 and 2001

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