Comparative transcriptome analysis of periodontitis and peri‐implantitis in human subjects

Abstract

BackgroundPeri‐implantitis is similar to periodontitis, but there are some differences. For the effective control of peri‐implantitis, it is necessary to clarify its similarities and differences with periodontitis in terms of gene expression.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included 20 participants (10 healthy subjects and 10 patients with periodontitis and peri‐implantitis). Gingival tissue samples (10 healthy, 10 periodontitis, and 10 peri‐implantitis tissues) were collected, RNAs were extracted, and RNA sequencing and analysis were performed.ResultsDifferentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis identified 757 upregulated and 159 downregulated genes common between periodontitis and peri‐implantitis. Periodontitis tissues uniquely showed 186 overexpressed and 22 suppressed genes compared with peri‐implantitis and healthy tissues, while peri‐implantitis had 1974 and 642, respectively. Each common and unique differential gene set showed distinct enriched biological features between periodontitis and peri‐implantitis after the pathway enrichment analysis. The expression pattern of selected DEGs focused on the representability of the disease was validated by RT‐qPCR.ConclusionsAlthough periodontitis and peri‐implantitis showed common gene expression that was clearly differentiated from healthy conditions, there were also unique gene patterns that were differentially expressed only in peri‐implantitis. These findings will help elucidate the mechanisms involved in the progression of peri‐implantitis.

The Influence of Genetic Polymorphisms on the Expression of Interleukin-1beta, Prostaglandin E2 and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha in Peri-Implant Crevicular Fluid: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…According to a recent systematic review of changes in molecular signatures associated with dental implant material in peri-implantitis, differences in transcriptomic signatures between peri-implant lesions and periodontal tissues may be related to titanium particles arising from dental implants [ 13 ]. In a comparative analysis of the transcriptome of periodontitis and peri-implantitis in humans, it was observed that although periodontitis and peri-implantitis shared a common genetic expression that was clearly distinct from healthy conditions, there were also unique genetic patterns that were differentially expressed only in peri-implantitis [ 14 ].…”