Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Rhizoctonia solani-resistant and -Susceptible Rice Cultivars Reveals the Importance of Pathogen Recognition and Active Immune Responses in Host Resistance

Summary Necrotrophic fungus Rhizoctonia solani Kühn (R. solani) causes serious diseases in many crops worldwide, including rice and maize sheath blight (ShB). Crop resistance to the fungus is a quantitative trait and resistance mechanism remains largely unknown, severely hindering the progress on developing resistant varieties. In this study, we found that resistant variety YSBR1 has apparently stronger ability to suppress the expansion of R. solani than susceptible Lemont in both field and growth chamber conditions. Comparison of transcriptomic profiles shows that the photosynthetic system including chlorophyll biosynthesis is highly suppressed by R. solani in Lemont but weakly in YSBR1. YSBR1 shows higher chlorophyll content than that of Lemont, and inducing chlorophyll degradation by dark treatment significantly reduces its resistance. Furthermore, three rice mutants and one maize mutant that carry impaired chlorophyll biosynthesis all display enhanced susceptibility to R. solani. Overexpression of OsNYC3, a chlorophyll degradation gene apparently induced expression by R. solani infection, significantly enhanced ShB susceptibility in a high‐yield ShB‐susceptible variety ‘9522’. However, silencing its transcription apparently improves ShB resistance without compromising agronomic traits or yield in field tests. Interestingly, altering chlorophyll content does not affect rice resistance to blight and blast diseases, caused by biotrophic and hemi‐biotrophic pathogens, respectively. Our study reveals that chlorophyll plays an important role in ShB resistance and suppressing chlorophyll degradation induced by R. solani infection apparently improves rice ShB resistance. This discovery provides a novel target for developing resistant crop to necrotrophic fungus R. solani.

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“…solani infection using Teqing and Lemont, and Yuan et al . (2018) reported 7624 DEGs responsive to R . solani infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppressing chlorophyll degradation by silencing OsNYC3 improves rice resistance to Rhizoctonia solani, the causal agent of sheath blight

Cao

Zhang

Liang

et al. 2021

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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“…Wall-associated kinases (WAKs) are known to bind several types of pectin, including oligomer generated by pathogen-mediated cell wall degradation, and involved in pathogen-responsive signal transduction pathways (Kohorn and Kohorn, 2012). Six different WAK proteins were up-regulated in reaction to R. solani infection in resistant cultivar (Yuan et al, 2018). The full-length protein product of OsWAK91 seemed to be related to ShB resistance (Al-Bader et al, 2019).…”

Section: Secondary Messengersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, along with some other gibberellin (GA) receptor kinase, the GA receptor GID1L2 (Os09g28690.1) was highly up‐regulated in resistant rice cultivar compared to in susceptible one (Yuan et al , ).…”

Section: Molecular Interplay Between Rice and R Solanimentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding sheath blight resistance in rice: the road behind and the road ahead

Molla

Karmakar

Molla

et al. 2020

Plant Biotechnology Journal

191

163

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Summary Rice sheath blight disease, caused by the basidiomycetous necrotroph Rhizoctonia solani, became one of the major threats to the rice cultivation worldwide, especially after the adoption of high‐yielding varieties. The pathogen is challenging to manage because of its extensively broad host range and high genetic variability and also due to the inability to find any satisfactory level of natural resistance from the available rice germplasm. It is high time to find remedies to combat the pathogen for reducing rice yield losses and subsequently to minimize the threat to global food security. The development of genetic resistance is one of the alternative means to avoid the use of hazardous chemical fungicides. This review mainly focuses on the effort of better understanding the host–pathogen relationship, finding the gene loci/markers imparting resistance response and modifying the host genome through transgenic development. The latest development and trend in the R. solani–rice pathosystem research with gap analysis are provided.

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“…Using Robust-Long-serial analysis of gene expression technique (RL-SAGE) and microarrays, Venu et al [10] investigated mRNA changes of rice after infection, identifying some resistance-related genes. Similarly, Yuan et al [11] compared transcriptome changes of R. solani-resistant and susceptible rice cultivars in response to R. solani using microarrays and the results suggested that receptor-like kinases and jasmonic acid signaling pathway might play important roles in host resistance to R. solani. Compared with the microarray method, RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) provides much more detailed information on specific transcript expression patterns [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of leaf transcriptome in response to Rhizoctonia solani infection between resistant and susceptible rice cultivars

Shi

Zhao

et al. 2020

BMC Genomics

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Background: Sheath blight (SB), caused by Rhizoctonia solani, is a common rice disease worldwide. Currently, rice cultivars with robust resistance to R. solani are still lacking. To provide theoretic basis for molecular breeding of R. solani-resistant rice cultivars, the changes of transcriptome profiles in response to R. solani infection were compared between a moderate resistant cultivar (Yanhui-888, YH) and a susceptible cultivar (Jingang-30, JG). Results: In the present study, 3085 differentially express genes (DEGs) were detected between the infected leaves and the control in JG, with 2853 DEGs in YH. A total of 4091 unigenes were significantly upregulated in YH than in JG before infection, while 3192 were significantly upregulated after infection. Further analysis revealed that YH and JG showed similar molecular responses to R. solani infection, but the responses were earlier in JG than in YH. Expression levels of trans-cinnamate 4-monooxygenase (C4H), ethylene-insensitive protein 2 (EIN2), transcriptome factor WRKY33 and the KEGG pathway plant-pathogen interaction were significantly affected by R. solani infection. More importantly, these components were all over-represented in YH cultivar than in JG cultivar before and/or after infection. Conclusions: These genes possibly contribute to the higher resistance of YH to R. solani than JG and were potential target genes to molecularly breed R. solani-resistant rice cultivar.

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Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Rhizoctonia solani-resistant and -Susceptible Rice Cultivars Reveals the Importance of Pathogen Recognition and Active Immune Responses in Host Resistance

Cited by 19 publications

References 67 publications

Suppressing chlorophyll degradation by silencing OsNYC3 improves rice resistance to Rhizoctonia solani, the causal agent of sheath blight

Suppressing chlorophyll degradation by silencing OsNYC3 improves rice resistance to Rhizoctonia solani, the causal agent of sheath blight

Understanding sheath blight resistance in rice: the road behind and the road ahead

Comparison of leaf transcriptome in response to Rhizoctonia solani infection between resistant and susceptible rice cultivars

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