Comparative validity and responsiveness of PHQ-ADS and other composite anxiety-depression measures

Kroenke, Kurt; Baye, Fitsum; Lourens, Spencer

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.12.098

Cited by 70 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Also, the 3 to 6 point improvement in PROMIS depression T-scores was above the minimally important difference. This greater sensitivity of symptom scales for detecting improvement has been previously reported for depression [5,16,24], pain [20,22,[25][26][27][28] and anxiety [24].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Responsiveness of PROMIS and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) Depression Scales in three clinical trials

Kroenke

Stump

Chen

et al. 2021

Health Qual Life Outcomes

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Background The PROMIS depression scales are reliable and valid measures that have extensive normative data in general population samples. However, less is known about how responsive they are to detect change in clinical settings and how their responsiveness compares to legacy measures. The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the responsiveness of the PROMIS and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) depression scales in three separate samples. Methods We used data from three clinical trials (two in patients with chronic pain and one in stroke survivors) totaling 651 participants. At both baseline and follow-up, participants completed four PROMIS depression fixed-length scales as well as legacy measures: Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item and 2-item scales (PHQ-9 and PHQ-2) and the SF-36 Mental Health scale. We measured global ratings of depression change, both prospectively and retrospectively, as anchors to classify patients as improved, unchanged, or worsened. Responsiveness was assessed with standardized response means, statistical tests comparing change groups, and area-under-curve analysis. Results The PROMIS depression and legacy scales had generally comparable responsiveness. Moreover, the four PROMIS depression scales of varying lengths were similarly responsive. In general, measures performed better in detecting depression improvement than depression worsening. For all measures, responsiveness varied based on the study sample and on whether depression improved or worsened. Conclusions Both PROMIS and PHQ depression scales are brief public domain measures that are responsive (i.e., sensitive to change) and thus appropriate as outcome measures in research as well as for monitoring treatment in clinical practice. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT01236521, NCT01583985, NCT01507688

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Responsiveness of PROMIS and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) Depression Scales in three clinical trials

Kroenke

Stump

Chen

et al. 2021

Health Qual Life Outcomes

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“…The PHQ-4 has been validated in the US (Kroenke et al, 2009) and has shown high levels of agreement with longer scales and similar correlations with measures of functional status (Lowe et al, 2010) and is sensitive to changes in mental health (Kroenke, Baye, & Lourens, 2019). The construct validity of the PHQ-4 has been tested in the general population where the PHQ-4 has been shown to correlate with relevant self-report scales and known demographic risk factors for depression and anxiety (Kroenke et al, 2009).…”

Section: Psychological Distressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological distress and adaptation to the COVID-19 crisis in the United States

Daly

Robinson

2021

Journal of Psychiatric Research

378

285

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There is growing concern that the COVID-19 crisis may have long-standing mental health effects across society particularly amongst those with pre-existing mental health conditions. In this observational population-based study, we examined how psychological distress changed following the emergence of the COVID-19 crisis in the United States and tested whether certain population subgroups were vulnerable to persistent distress during the crisis. We analyzed longitudinal nationally representative data from eight waves of the Understanding America Study (UAS) collected between March 10 th and July 20 th , 2020 (N = 7319 Observations = 46145). Differences in distress trends were examined by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and household income and by the presence of a pre-existing mental health diagnosis. Psychological distress was assessed using the standardized total score on the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4). On average psychological distress increased significantly by 0.27 standard deviations (95% CI [0.23,0.31], p<.001) from March 10-18 to April 1-14, 2020 as the COVID-19 crisis emerged and lockdown restrictions began in the US. Distress levels subsequently declined to mid-March levels by June, 2020 (d =-.31, 95% CI [-0.34,-0.27], p<.001). Across the sociodemographic groups examined and those with preexisting mental health conditions we observed a sharp rise in distress followed by a recovery to baseline distress levels. This study identified substantial increases in distress in the US during the emergence of the COVID-19 crisis that largely diminished in the weeks that followed and suggests that population level resilience in mental health may be occurring in response to the pandemic.

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“…Anxiety and depression are the two most common indicators used to assess mental health in the general population and clinical practice [24,25]. Anxiety and depression diagnoses frequently tend to co-occur, and their symptoms are highly correlated [26].…”

Section: Mental Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

When altruists cannot help: the influence of altruism on the mental health of university students during the COVID-19 pandemic

et al. 2020

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Background: The positive predictive effect of altruism on physical and psychological well-being has been extensively demonstrated in previous studies, but few studies have examined the effect of altruism on negative mental health outcomes when altruists cannot perform altruistic behaviours. This study explored the influence of altruism on negative affect and mental health (anxiety and depressive symptoms) during the COVID-19 pandemic while people self-isolated at home in China. Method: University students were recruited to participate in a cross-sectional online survey during the outbreak of COVID-19 in China. Self-reported perceived risk, altruism, negative affect, anxiety and depressive symptoms were measured using the Self-Report Altruism Scale (SRA scale), the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) and the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire depression scale (PHQ-9). A structural equation model was used to analyse the mediating and moderating effects on mental health. Results: The final sample comprised 1346 Chinese participants (Mage = 19.76 ± 2.23 years, 73% female). Overall, the higher the risk the participants perceived, the more negative affect they exhibited (β = 0.16, p < .001), and thus, the more anxious and depressed they felt (β = 0.134, p < .001); however, this relationship between risk perception and negative affect was moderated by altruism. In contrast to previous studies, the increase in negative affect associated with the increased perceived risk was pronounced among individuals with high altruism (t = 7.68, p < .001). Conclusions: Individuals with high altruism exhibited more negative affect than those with low altruism, which indirectly increased their anxiety and depressive symptoms. These findings enrich theories of altruism and provide valuable insight into the influence of altruism on mental health during the COVID-19 outbreak.

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Comparative validity and responsiveness of PHQ-ADS and other composite anxiety-depression measures

Cited by 70 publications

References 46 publications

Responsiveness of PROMIS and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) Depression Scales in three clinical trials

Responsiveness of PROMIS and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) Depression Scales in three clinical trials

Psychological distress and adaptation to the COVID-19 crisis in the United States

When altruists cannot help: the influence of altruism on the mental health of university students during the COVID-19 pandemic

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