Comparative Verification Exercises on a Probabilistic Network Model for Building Evacuation

Spearpoint, Michael

doi:10.1177/0734904109105373

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…An agent can only move through a constriction into a path if the occupant density in the downstream node is less than a maximum occupant density specified in the model. A maximum occupant density of 2.75 ppl/m 2 has been found to give suitable results in previous work [1].…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Network modeling of The Station Nightclub fire evacuation

Spearpoint¹

2012

Journal of Fire Protection Engineering

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A network model has been used to study The Station Nightclub fire evacuation. Total evacuation times and occupant utilization of doors are compared to results obtained from previous work conducted at the National Institute of Standards and Technology and subsequent modeling carried out elsewhere. Depending on the selection of the door flow and exit choice algorithms the network model is able to get outcomes similar to those published by researchers using various fine grid/continuous models. New information regarding the occupant behavior during the incident has recently been published and this is used here to further investigate the capability of the network model.

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Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Network modeling of The Station Nightclub fire evacuation

Spearpoint¹

2012

Journal of Fire Protection Engineering

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“…Identical to the results of the 2011 survey, the data indicates that the most important general factor affecting the selection of a pedestrian evacuation model is the verification and validation: the level of reliability a model has to accurately represent reality is of key importance to users. It is evident a number of pedestrian evacuation model developers also agree with many of them producing dedicated validation and verification documentation or publishing papers presenting results of validation case studies, see for instance [35][36][37][38][39]. Furthermore, the development of international efforts to provide standard methods for conducting validation/verification of evacuations models [40][41][42][43][44] (including an ongoing effort performed within the Technical Committee 92 on Fire Safety of the International Standards Organization, ISO), will facilitate users being able to asses and compare more easily pedestrian evacua- tion models.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Online Survey of Pedestrian Evacuation Model Usage and Users

Lovreglio

Ronchi

Kinsey³

2019

Fire Technol

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Pedestrian evacuation models are often used to assess life safety in the performance-based design process within fire safety engineering. Within this paper, a summary of data collected via an international online survey regarding the models and users' experiences and needs is presented. This survey consisted of 22 questions focusing on: the assessment of the pedestrian evacuation model user community; their stated importance of model features to select a model; usage/awareness of models; knowledge of model validation and verification; training; and usage of multiple models. As such, the survey allowed the collection of information useful for instructing future pedestrian evacuation model development. The survey represents an expanded version of a previous survey conducted by the authors in 2011. Results with the previous survey were compared to identify any changes in preference and usage by pedestrian evacuation model users. The survey was completed by 234 respondents from 41 countries. The respondents had a wide range of education and occupational backgrounds and use models for a variety of different purposes. The results identified a total of 72 pedestrian evacuation models currently in use and indicated the most known models. In addition, the most used models were identified, and the results highlighted that the three key factors used to select a pedestrian evacuation model are overall consistent with the results of the 2011 survey: verification and validation, documentation, and data output of the model.

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“…In using Pathfinder, the SFPE mode and steering mode were applied. The simulation was conducted for 3 cases in total, and the result with the most conservative total RSET was then adopted as the analysis criteria [11][12][13].…”

Section: B Evacuation-simulative Evaluation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire Safety Evaluation of Urban Buildings

2019

IJRTE

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 Abstract: As buildings have been getting taller and incorporating more intelligent designs due to industry development and population growth, property damage and the numbers of casualties resulting from fires are increasing, which requires safety evaluations that involve engineering analysis methods. This study analyzes the use of safety measures against fire hazards, by conducting fire simulations to calculate the visibility range and radiant/convective heat in CO/CO2/smoke, and by performing evacuation simulations to analyze the ASET(Available Safety Egress Time)/RSET(Required Safety Egress Time). From the results of the fire/evacuation simulations, it is possible to estimate the impacts that fire hazards (e.g. toxic gases and temperatures) can have on the occupants' safety, to examine the feasibility of the evacuation/fireproof equipment in buildings for unspecified individuals, and to establish an optimized evacuation plan to minimize damage or loss of life. It is expected that fire simulations will enable the following activities: risk impact evaluation analyses, laboratory safety inspections, establishment of safety assessments for construction works, and future continuous research studies linked to super high-rise buildings.

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Comparative Verification Exercises on a Probabilistic Network Model for Building Evacuation

Cited by 15 publications

References 10 publications

Network modeling of The Station Nightclub fire evacuation

Network modeling of The Station Nightclub fire evacuation

An Online Survey of Pedestrian Evacuation Model Usage and Users

Fire Safety Evaluation of Urban Buildings

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