Comparing agroecosystems: Effects of cropping and tillage patterns on soil, water, energy use and productivity

Gregory, Megan M.; Shea, Kathleen L.; Bakko, Eugene B.

doi:10.1079/raf2004093

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In this context, the inclusion of legumes in prevailing cropping systems enhances energy use efficiency through savings of nitrogen fertilizer and leads to higher system productivity (Fernandez and Zentner 2005). The integrated use of organic manure with inorganic fertilizers in crop rotations led to significant savings in energy use (Hoeppner et al 2005;Pimentel et al 2005); this was more energy efficient than conventionally managed systems (Clancy et al 1993;Clements et al 1995;Haas et al 2001;Gregory et al 2005).…”

Section: Cabi Agriculture and Biosciencementioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-energy auditing, system productivity, energy efficiencies and economics of different direct-seeded basmati rice-based cropping systems and nutrient management options

et al. 2022

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Background Diversification, intensification, new water and integrated nutrient management methods of rice-based cropping systems are being advocated as an alternative to the water-intensive nature of conventional rice cultivation in north-western India to address the issues of decline in the productivity, energy and nutritional scarcity and deteriorating soil fertility. Hence, the development of eco-friendly cropping systems with efficient nutrient management is essential for sustainable productivity. Material and methods The experiment was conducted with four cropping systems viz. direct-seeded basmati rice (DSBR)-wheat-fallow, DSBR-wheat-greengram, DSBR-cabbage-greengram and DSBR-cabbage-onion, being assigned to vertical strips; and 4 nutrient management strategies (MNS), viz. control, 100% RDF (recommended dose of fertilizers), 50% RDF + 25% RDN (recommended dose of nitrogen) through leaf compost + biofertilizers and 50% RDF + 25% RDN through vermicompost + biofertilizers assigned to horizontal strips. Results The highest system productivity (20.7 Mg/ha) was registered in DSBR-cabbage-onion and with a nutrient management strategy of 50% RDF + 25% RDN through vermicompost + biofertilizers (13.5 Mg/ha). The highest net energy (269.6 × 103 MJ/ha) was generated under DSBR-wheat-greengram. Among different NMS, the highest energy output efficiency was recorded under NS3 (0.20 × 103 MJ/ha/day). The CS2 had 20.4% and 20.2% higher total system protein yield and protein equivalent yield for adults than DSBR-wheat-fallow, respectively. Application of NS3 had the highest total system protein yield (89.7%) and protein equivalent yield for adults (92.6%) over the control (NS0). The maximum net return (5755 US$/ha) was obtained under CS4. Conclusion A cropping system involving DSBR-cabbage-onion and application of 50% RDF + 25% RDN through vermicompost + biofertilizers is identified as the most productive, energy efficient and profitable production system.

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Section: Cabi Agriculture and Biosciencementioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-energy auditing, system productivity, energy efficiencies and economics of different direct-seeded basmati rice-based cropping systems and nutrient management options

et al. 2022

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“…Tillage can cause rapid nutrient turnover, reduced water and oxygen availability, compaction, aggregate disruption, increased desiccation and exposure to UV (Franzluebbers 2002;Pagliai et al 2004). Despite the fact that tillage is used in part to increase soil porosity for root penetration, increases in porosity can be quite short-term as tilled soil is less structurally stable due to the reduction in organic matter and biological activity associated with it (Gregory et al 2007;Liiri et al 2012). Additionally, the reduction in soil biodiversity associated with conventionally tilled systems leads to a reduction in biopores created by various invertebrates such as earthworms, ants and beetle grubs as they construct tunnels and chambers (Pagliai et al 2004).…”

Section: Soil Structure and Biodiversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of agricultural tillage practices on soil biodiversity: Soil metagenomic methods, arthropod community v1

Strohm¹,

Robert²,

Richard³

2016

Preprint

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This was the first study to examine the influence of different tillage practices on soil biodiversity from all kingdoms of life. Four tillage treatments were compared with a no-till treatment maintained at the Elora Agricultural Research Station for 30 years. In terms of species or operational taxonomic unit (OTU) richness within taxonomic higher ranks, these treatments are quite similar. However, there were significant differences in the OTU richness of the Sordariomycetes (103±19 vs 86±10 OTUs; p= 3.12e-3) and the Dothideomycetes (29±6 vs 43±1 OTUs; p= 5.54e-5) fungal classes when comparing tilled and no-till soils. While all agricultural treatments were similar in terms of arthropod diversity, when compared with a nearby mature woodlot, compaction sensitive lineages of Collembola and mites were not present in the agricultural soils. These results suggest that even no-till soils are not comparable to the soil environment of an undisturbed forest. iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Given that this was the Hanner lab's first foray into metagenomics, soil science, microbiology and next generation sequencing, I required the help of many people within and outside of our lab. I extend thanks on a broad scale to the other graduate students of the Hanner lab with special thanks given to my two undergraduate research assistants: Jennifer Gubala and Danielle Bourque. Jenny performed many of my microbial DNA soil extractions while Danielle spent months sorting and identifying soil arthropods. I would also like to thank Jeff Gross, Jing Zhang and Angela Hollis from the Advanced Analysis Center-Genomics Facility, University of Guelph, for their information and guidance regarding my Illumina MiSeq runs. In addition, I owe a great deal of thanks to Natalia Ivanova, Sean Prosser and Shadi Shokralla from the Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, for their advice regarding sequence library prep. I must thank the creators of the open source software packages that I used, for their patient and rapid responses to my email: Robert Edgar from the UPARSE package, Daniel Huson from MEGAN, Maarja Opik from MaarjAM and Donovan Parks from STAMP. Finally, I extend a great deal of thanks to my advisory committee.

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“…The combination of management strategies dictates how these systems may respond to precipitation. Longer‐term rotations that include perennial phases have been shown to reduce runoff, erosion, and nutrient loss during the perennial phase due to both the immediate effect of continuous soil coverage by vegetation and the lasting effects of those perennial species on soil properties that include improved soil aggregation, pore networks, and organic matter (Burkart et al., 2005; Davidova et al., 2015; Gregory et al., 2005; Klima et al., 2016; Zuazo & Plequezuelo, 2008). However, the persistence of those benefits during the rest of the rotation is unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Runoff and nutrient losses in extended and conventional crop rotations

Logsdon

O’Brien

2022

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

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Management systems prioritizing surface ground cover throughout the year, such as extended crop rotations with perennial phases or reduced tillage, may be more resilient to changing weather regimes associated with climate change. The purpose of this study was to determine if the benefits observed in perennial phases, including increased infiltration and reduced runoff and erosion, persisted in the annual crop phases. We conducted rainfall simulations at four landscape positions in a 7-yr rotation with ridge tillage and in a conventional corn-soybean system. From data paired by landscape position across 4 yr, the 7-yr rotation had significantly higher infiltration and lower runoff than the conventional field, although sediment and nutrient losses were similar. Runoff was correlated with ground cover, highlighting the importance of tillage practices and residue removal on the infiltration capacity of these systems. Overall, these results indicate that the lasting benefits of extended crop rotations, such as increased porosity and aggregate stability, coupled with a direct effect of increased ground cover, led to improved infiltration and less runoff during the annual crop phases.

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Comparing agroecosystems: Effects of cropping and tillage patterns on soil, water, energy use and productivity

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Bio-energy auditing, system productivity, energy efficiencies and economics of different direct-seeded basmati rice-based cropping systems and nutrient management options

Bio-energy auditing, system productivity, energy efficiencies and economics of different direct-seeded basmati rice-based cropping systems and nutrient management options

The influence of agricultural tillage practices on soil biodiversity: Soil metagenomic methods, arthropod community v1

Runoff and nutrient losses in extended and conventional crop rotations

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