“…From the figure we see that there is only one sample point in each row and each column. For more information about LHS, readers are referred to (McKay, Beckman, and Conover 1979), (Liefvendahl and Stocki 2006), (Minasny and McBratney 2006), (Pistone and Vicario 2010), (Petelet, Iooss, Asserin, and Loredo 2010), and (Viana 2013).…”
Section: Latin Hypercube Samplingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In this paper, we apply a metamodeling approach to address the computational problem mentioned above. In particular, we adopt a metamodel by using a Latin hypercube sampling method (McKay, Beckman, and Conover 1979, Pistone and Vicario 2010, Petelet, Iooss, Asserin, and Loredo 2010, Viana 2013 and the ordinary kriging model (Isaaks and Srivastava 1990).…”
Variable annuities are long-term investment vehicles that have grown rapidly in popularity recently. One major feature of variable annuities is that they contain guarantees. The guarantees embedded in variable annuities are complex and the values of the guarantees cannot be obtained from closed-form formulas. Insurance companies rely heavily on Monte Carlo simulation to calculate the fair market values of the guarantees. Valuation and risk management of a large portfolio of variable annuities are a big challenge to insurance companies because the Monte Carlo simulation model is very time consuming. In this paper, we propose to use a metamodeling approach to speed up the valuation of large portfolios of variable annuities. Our numerical results show that the metamodeling approach can reduce the runtime significantly and produce accurate approximations.
“…From the figure we see that there is only one sample point in each row and each column. For more information about LHS, readers are referred to (McKay, Beckman, and Conover 1979), (Liefvendahl and Stocki 2006), (Minasny and McBratney 2006), (Pistone and Vicario 2010), (Petelet, Iooss, Asserin, and Loredo 2010), and (Viana 2013).…”
Section: Latin Hypercube Samplingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In this paper, we apply a metamodeling approach to address the computational problem mentioned above. In particular, we adopt a metamodel by using a Latin hypercube sampling method (McKay, Beckman, and Conover 1979, Pistone and Vicario 2010, Petelet, Iooss, Asserin, and Loredo 2010, Viana 2013 and the ordinary kriging model (Isaaks and Srivastava 1990).…”
Variable annuities are long-term investment vehicles that have grown rapidly in popularity recently. One major feature of variable annuities is that they contain guarantees. The guarantees embedded in variable annuities are complex and the values of the guarantees cannot be obtained from closed-form formulas. Insurance companies rely heavily on Monte Carlo simulation to calculate the fair market values of the guarantees. Valuation and risk management of a large portfolio of variable annuities are a big challenge to insurance companies because the Monte Carlo simulation model is very time consuming. In this paper, we propose to use a metamodeling approach to speed up the valuation of large portfolios of variable annuities. Our numerical results show that the metamodeling approach can reduce the runtime significantly and produce accurate approximations.
“…Additional construction methods leading to orthogonal or nearly orthogonal LHDs were given by Bingham et al (2009) and by Lin et al (2009). Pistone and Vicario (2010) examine the behaviour of several LHDs in the context of the Gaussian process model. Petelet et al (2010) propose an algorithm that constructs LHDs that are able to uphold certain inequality constraints between the sample variables.…”
“…The LHDs were optimised in order to maximise the information for the estimation of the parameters in the correlation function (3), using the entropy criterion as the objective in the algorithm of Jin et al (2005). This heuristic algorithm was chosen because the size of the design is too large to perform the symbolic calculation of optimal designs (Pistone and Vicario 2010). In addition, the observations at the 16 corner points of the four-dimensional factor space were considered since LHDs tend to cover the inside of the factor space.…”
Section: Design and Metamodelling Of The Fea Experimentsmentioning
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