Comparing Associations of Dietary Energy Density and Energy Intake, Macronutrients with Obesity in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes (JDDM 63)

Takeda, Yasunaga; Fujihara, Kazuya; Nedachi, Rina; Ikeda, Izumi; Morikawa, Sakiko Y.; Hatta, Mariko; Horikawa, Chika; Kato, Mitsutoshi; Kato, Noriko; Yokoyama, Hiroyuki; Kurihara, Yoshio; Miyazawa, Kazuhiro; Maegawa, Hiroshi; Sone, Hirohito

doi:10.3390/nu13093167

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Although DED is defined as the energy density of a total diet, there is no consensus about the appropriate method of ED calculation. The studies that excluded beverages from DED calculation mentioned that beverages intake is highly variable and DED calculation based on inclusion of beverages might diminish its association with health outcomes [ 22 ]. However, beverages are an important part of usual dietary intakes and excluding them is not logical scientifically.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies with inconsistent results evaluated the association between DED and health outcomes. While one study reported the effects of diets with high DED in increasing adiposity and weight gain among patients with diabetes [ 22 ], several other studies did not show any association between DED and obesity or BMI in general population [ 18 , 29 , 30 ]. Similarly, for the association between DED and metabolic disorders, several studies revealed the positive association between diets with high DED and odds of MetS in adults [ 26 , 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, for the association between DED and metabolic disorders, several studies revealed the positive association between diets with high DED and odds of MetS in adults [ 26 , 31 ]. Furthermore, several other studies revealed the negative association between DED and blood pressure in general populations [ 22 , 30 ]. Takeda et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary energy density, metabolic parameters, and blood pressure in a sample of adults with obesity

et al. 2023

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Background Several previous studies revealed the role of dietary energy density (DED) in developing obesity and related disorders. However, the possible role of DED in triggering cardiometabolic risk factors of individuals with obesity has not been studied yet. This study aimed to evaluate the association between DED and anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, and components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) (such as glycemic markers, lipid profile, and blood pressure) among individuals with obesity. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we included 335 adults with obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) aged 20–50 years in Tabriz and Tehran, Iran. Dietary intake was assessed by a validated semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), including 168 food items; then, DED was calculated. MetS was defined based on the guidelines of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III). Enzymatic methods were used to assess serum lipids, glucose, and insulin concentrations. Blood pressure was measured by sphygmomanometer and body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Results Participants in the higher tertiles of DED had more intake of carbohydrate, dietary fat, saturated fatty acid (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), and meat, fish, poultry (MFP). Increasing the DED in both methods had no association with systolic blood pressure (SBP), fasting blood sugar (FBS), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), insulin, triglyceride (TG), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) even after adjustment for confounders. However, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) decreased in second tertile of DED I (β = 0.921, P = 0.004). The quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI) in second tertile of both DED methods had significant positive association with DED. In the second tertile of DED II, while total cholesterol (TC) significantly decreased (P crude = 0.036, P adjusted = 0.024), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) increased (β = 1.096, p = 0.03). There was no significant changes in biochemical parameters in third tertile of DED I and II even after adjustment for covariates. Also, higher tertiles of DED was associated with reduced prevalence of MetS. Conclusion High DED was associated with lower levels of blood pressure and TC but elevated levels of HDL and QUICKI independent of such confounders as age, BMI, sex, and physical activity. Further longitudinal studies are warranted to better elucidate casual associations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary energy density, metabolic parameters, and blood pressure in a sample of adults with obesity

et al. 2023

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“…Our results showed that the energy intake in the non-obese group was comparable to that in the obese group. The obese group consumed more high-energy foods than the non-obese groups, although in small volumes (i.e., high energy density [ 33 ]), such as meat/processed meat, sweets, and sugar-sweetened beverages. Conversely, the non-obese group consumed more low-energy-dense foods such as vegetables, fruits, seaweed, fish/seafood, and soybeans/soy products.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Obesity and Intake of Different Food Groups among Japanese with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus—Japan Diabetes Clinical Data Management Study (JDDM68)

et al. 2022

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Background: We investigated the association between various food groups and obesity in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: 2070 patients with type 2 diabetes who attended 26 diabetes clinics throughout Japan were analyzed and were divided into obese and non-obese groups. Intakes of food groups determined by a food frequency questionnaire were compared. Odds ratios for obesity for quartiles of individual food groups were calculated using a logistic regression model. Results: Non-obese patients consumed a larger variety of food groups than obese patients, with the diets of non-obese individuals closer to the traditional Japanese diet characterized by fish, seaweed, and soybeans/soy products. Among 21 food groups, low vegetable intake and high sweets intake were the most strongly associated with obesity in both men and women. Low intake of both fruits and vegetables and the combination of high intake of sweets and low intake of fruits were associated with obesity. Conclusions: Food groups and their combinations that were strongly associated with obesity in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes were identified. Our findings also suggested an inverse association between the traditional Japanese diet and obesity.

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“…Some studies show that dietary energy density, the consumption of processed food, red meat intake, and other dietary factors were associated with the prevalence of obesity, cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, etc. [13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Diet Quality Is Linked to Low Risk of Abdominal Obesity among the Elderly Women in China

et al. 2022

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How diet as a whole impacts the risk of general overweight and abdominal obesity among the Chinese elderly is unclear. The present study aimed to examine the association of overall diet quality with general overweight and abdominal obesity in the Chinese elderly. Using data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) from 1993 to 2015, an ongoing cohort study, we selected participants aged 60 and older who were not generally overweight, but who had abdominal obesity at baseline and who had participated in at least two waves of the survey as subjects. The China Elderly Dietary Guidelines Index (CDGI-E) was used, based on the critical diet-related recommendations of the 2016 Chinese Dietary Guideline (CDG-2016), to assess overall diet quality. Consecutive 3 d, 24 h recalls and household weighing for seasonings and edible oils were used to collect dietary data and calculate the CDGI-E scores. Three-level (community-individual-wave) random intercept logistic regression models were used to analyze the impact of diet quality on the risk of general overweight and abdominal obesity in the elderly. The results showed that the older women in the top sixtiles of the CDGI-E scores had a 38% reduction —0.62, 95% CI (0.41, 0.92)—in the risk of abdominal obesity, as compared to those in the bottom sixtiles after adjusting for all potential confounders, while the null association was observed in the older men. The relationship between CDGI-E score and the risk of overweight/general obesity in the Chinese elderly has not been found. It was concluded that a high diet quality was associated with a reduced risk of abdominal obesity among elderly women in China. Our findings will help to improve the understanding of the relationship between the overall effect of diet and health. It may provide a new avenue for obesity intervention policy formulation from the aspect of improving overall dietary quality.

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Comparing Associations of Dietary Energy Density and Energy Intake, Macronutrients with Obesity in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes (JDDM 63)

Cited by 7 publications

References 35 publications

Dietary energy density, metabolic parameters, and blood pressure in a sample of adults with obesity

Dietary energy density, metabolic parameters, and blood pressure in a sample of adults with obesity

Association between Obesity and Intake of Different Food Groups among Japanese with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus—Japan Diabetes Clinical Data Management Study (JDDM68)

High Diet Quality Is Linked to Low Risk of Abdominal Obesity among the Elderly Women in China

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