Comparing combined gas tubrine/steam turbine and marine low speed piston engine/steam turbine systems in naval applications

Abstract

The article compares combined systems in naval applications. The object of the analysis is the combined gas turbine/steam turbine system which is compared to the combined marine low-speed Diesel engine/steam turbine system. The comparison refers to the additional power and efficiency increase resulting from the use of the heat in the exhaust gas leaving the piston engine or the gas turbine. In the analysis a number of types of gas turbines with different exhaust gas temperatures and two large-power low-speed piston engines have been taken into account. The comparison bases on the assumption about comparable power ranges of the main engine.

A Hydrogenic Electrolyzer for Fuels

“…Progress in technology of electrolytic production of hydrogen and improvement of energy efficiency of the process may be reached by developing more effective electrodes and membranes, elevating the temperature and lowering the pressure necessary for conducting the electrolytic process as well as increasing density of current ( in 1000°C temperature electric energy consumption drops to 2,83 kWh per 1 m 3 of hydrogen). Development of hydrogen production to a greater scale by applying electrolytic method is not possible at present because of its high costs, as electric energy consumption equals now about 4,5 kWh per 1m 3 of hydrogen. As a result, cost of "electrolytic" hydrogen is threefold higher in comparison with that of hydrogen produced with the use of natural gas conversion, and twofold higher than that produced by coal gasification method.…”

“…Effects of hydrogen addition on operational effectiveness of gas turbines are also investigated, usefulness of hydrogen to driving municipal buses is tested, and an German -Russian project ( in the frame of CRYOPLANE project ) on hydrogen application in air civil transport and cosmic industry is under way too. [3,5,18,21].…”

“…If oil prices increase, alternative energy sources will become profitable, and as a result a smooth transition to the alternatives will be possible [1, 2,4]. Worth mentioning, that from the economic point of view we never will face a problem of depletion of raw materials because price impulse will ever help to find an appropriate alternative [1, 3,5,8,14,20].…”

“…• agricultural industry which is deeply dependent on the fuel and its products, will not be capable of producing as much food as to-day, • certain enterprises will become bankrupts; • confusion will overcome worldwide financial markets; • many people will be deprived from heating their houses at all or forced to reduce it; • dynamically increasing costs of transport will disturb free flow of goods, including various materials and food products [2,3,6,13,15,19]. Potential of hydrogen is so immense that it is often called the fuel of 21st century and its price will sometime become more competitive in comparison with other energy sources than it is to day.…”

Truss Harbor Cranes Modal Design Elements Research

“…Experimental studies are used to verify the simulation models by comparing the results of computer simulation and physical experiment. To determine the variation of loads, the dynamic models as a system of rigid bodies are used, in which operating conditions of work of these structures are simulated [4,7,9,14].…”