Comparing dyadic cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) with dyadic integrative body-mind-spirit intervention (I-BMS) for Chinese family caregivers of lung cancer patients: a randomized controlled trial

Variables associated with distress amongst informal caregivers of people with lung cancer: A systematic review of the literature

“…Further analyses suggested that the CST was more beneficial to caregivers with patients in stages II and III, whereas the education/support intervention was more beneficial when the caregiver was supporting someone with stage I cancer. In the second study with two active arms 49 (dyadic cognitive behaviour therapy vs. an integrative mind‐body‐spirit intervention), both groups showed reduced severity of stress and anxiety at 8‐ and 16‐week follow‐ups (stress: effect sizes: 0.28–0.42 anxiety: effects sizes 0.33–0.38), but there was no effect for either group on depression scores.…”

“…In eight studies, the caregiver was the spouse [29][30][31][32][33][34][35] while for the remaining studies the relationship between the patient and caregiver was primarily either spouse/partner or adult child. Sixteen of the studies 16,[29][30][31][32]34,36,42,43,[46][47][48][49][50]52,55 reported the stage of cancer and over one third (37.6%) of the patients were at stage IV at the start of the study. The time since diagnosis, where reported, ranged from 2 months to 5 years.…”

“…While four of the intervention studies 48,50,51,53 were judged to be at low risk of bias overall, there was insufficient detail to make a clear judgment in some domains, particularly in relation to blinding. One further study 49 was rated as 'unclear' overall. Two of the included intervention studies were not randomised control trials and a quality assessment was conducted rather than a risk of bias.…”

“…While distress was conceptualised broadly, 25 the majority of studies assessed psychological distress, that is, depression and anxiety. There was some heterogeneity in the questionnaires used to measure distress, as follows (in some studies two measures of distress were employed): Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS; n = 6), 22,32,34,36,41,49 Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (n = 3), 29,30,32 Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI; n = 1 reported in four articles), 17,[37][38][39] Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CESD; n = 7), 30,35,40,44,45,46,53 Anxiety and Depression measures (n = 1), 51 Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI; n = 1), 42 Patient Health Questionnaire and Generalised Anxiety Disorders scale (PHQ GAD; n = 2), 50,52 Death Anxiety Scale (n = 1). 43 Twelve studies reported the proportion of participants who reached clinically relevant levels of depression and/or anxiety.…”

Association between Caregiver Neurotic Personality Trait and Elder Abuse: Investigating the Moderating Role of Change in the Level of Caregiver Perceived Burden

“…It is essential to consider the practical implications of the present findings that linked caregiver neuroticism to the increased level of elder abuse, particularly given that a focus on enduring and stable personality trait is generally deemed as irrelevant or unnecessary to achieve the goals of time-limited psychotherapies (e.g., CBT and CT) to reduce caregivers’ psychological distress or to improve their quality of care [53, 54]. Available evidence also indicated that neuroticism had a negative influence on appraisal-emotional relationship, therapeutic processes, and outcomes of time-limited psychotherapy [21, 48, 55].…”