“…Projects such as the Russian LUNA 27 lander [3], NASA's Artemis [31] and VIPER [12] programmes, ESA's PRO-SPECT mission [38], JAXA's SLIM [30], the Indian Chandrayaan 3 [16], and China's Chang'e 6 [10] are expected to land on the Moon before the end of the decade. Furthermore, commercial missions by private companies like Astrobotic Technology [33], SpaceX [41], and Blue Origin [11] are also scheduled to land and perform experiments on the lunar surface in the near future. Several of these projects and experiments aim to test and develop in situ resource utilisation (ISRU) technologies, which could allow the utilisation of native lunar material.…”