Comparing Media Markets

Misinformation and herd behavior in media markets: A cross-national investigation of how tabloids’ attention to misinformation drives broadsheets’ attention to misinformation in political and business journalism

“…The first moderator refers to the media market. In the U.K. (= 1), news media have faced higher expected costs due to press councils’ sanctions [ 43 , 44 ] and higher competition [ 53 , 54 ]. In Switzerland (= 0), in turn, news media have faced lower expected costs due to the press council’s sanctions [ 42 ] and lower competition [ 53 , 54 ].…”

“…The sampling was conducted in four steps. First, two media markets were selected, i.e., Switzerland and the U.K. As discussed above, these media markets were investigated because they differ in terms of regulation and structure [53,54]. Second, Swiss and U.K. cases of political and business misinformation were sampled.…”

Contagious accuracy norm violation in political journalism: A cross-national investigation of how news media publish inaccurate political information

“…Accordingly, it is expected that broadsheets in the UK will be more likely to increasingly violate the accuracy norm as election dates approach than broadsheets in Switzerland. The UK media market consists of more news media than the Swiss media market and is, therefore, characterised by higher competition ( Picard and Russi, 2012 ).…”

“…More specifically, the study compares Swiss and UK media markets and analyses Swiss and UK press councils’ rulings between 2000 and 2019 that upheld complaints about accuracy norm violations in political journalism. The study compares Swiss and UK media markets because they differ in terms of press councils’ sanctions ( Fielden, 2012 ) as well as in the degree of competition ( Picard and Russi, 2012 ). These media markets thereby set specific costs and benefits with regard to accuracy norm violation, which, social norm theory suggests, might affect news media’s publication of inaccurate political information.…”

Comparative Perspectives on the Changing Business of Journalism and Its Implications for Democracy

“…As the field of comparative communication research advance, it is thus important to confront not only the oft-discussed need to move beyond methodological nationalism to a more reflexive form of comparative work that, without leaving behind country-to-country comparison, also includes supranational and subnational comparisons (Hepp and Couldry 2009; Livingstone 2003), incorporates transnational processes (Curran 2002; Esser 2013), and studies a broader range of countries (Curran and Park 2000; Hallin and Mancini 2012). It is also important that the field advances across a broad front that includes empirical research on the nature and development of media systems and institutions and incorporates insights from international work on media economics (Picard and Russi 2012), media policy (Just and Puppis 2012), and developments in media technology (Nielsen 2012) across the globe.…”