Comparing the accuracy of estimating soil moisture using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI)

Ariyanto, Dwi Priyo; Aziz, Abdul; Komariah, Komariah; Sumani, Sumani; Abara, Magarsa

doi:10.20961/stjssa.v17i1.41396

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…It was shown that short timescales (1 or 3 months) can be used to describe meteorological drought while a 3-month or 6-month scale is usually used to evaluate an agricultural drought, and a longer scale, such as 12 or 24 months, is more suitable for investigating hydrological drought and water resources (Mishra and Singh 2010;Pei et al 2020). For example, the SPEI index for a 6-month scale, calculated for a timeseries in Indonesia presented the best accuracy for modeling soil moisture (95%) compared to the rest of the timescales used (3-, 6-,12-months) (Ariyanto et al 2020). Nevertheless, the type of the soil was Alfisol, which has a clay texture and very stable aggregate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in drought occurrence and severity at mid-latitude European stations (1951–2015) estimated using standardized precipitation (SPI) and precipitation and evapotranspiration (SPEI) indices

Dukat

Bednorz

Ziemblińska

et al. 2022

Meteorol Atmos Phys

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One of the negative consequences of climate change is the also increase in the severity, frequency and length of droughts appearing in Europe. The effects of meteorological drought are often substantial, not only for the natural environment but also for humans. Hence, the main purpose of this research was to determine the trends in the severity and occurrence of droughts in Europe during the period 1951–2015 using the standardized precipitation index and the standardized precipitation and evapotranspiration index (SPEI). For six European sites located in mid latitudes, the number of dry months was determined and the trend of their occurrence was examined. Moreover, for the summer months in which the indicators fell below 0, the trend related to the severity of the drought was determined for each site. Despite the absence of a statistically significant trend of an increase in the occurrence of dry months in general, an increase in the severity of droughts occurring in summer was observed for the SPEI over a 6-month scale for all the investigated stations. The highest number of dry months since the 1970s appeared during the last 5 years of analysis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in drought occurrence and severity at mid-latitude European stations (1951–2015) estimated using standardized precipitation (SPI) and precipitation and evapotranspiration (SPEI) indices

Dukat

Bednorz

Ziemblińska

et al. 2022

Meteorol Atmos Phys

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“…Another limitation of the precipitation single-dependence indices is that they neglect the role of temperature in increasing water loss through enhanced evaporation [20][21][22] and the impact of global warming on drought characteristics 23,24 . Instead, indices that combine precipitation and temperature or atmospheric evaporative demand (AED) have been proposed and have proven effective in drought detection 17,[25][26][27][28] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drought characteristics in Mediterranean under future climate change

Essa,

Hirschi,

Thiery

et al. 2023

npj Clim Atmos Sci

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The present work aims to address the physical properties of different drought types under near-future climates in the Mediterranean. To do so, we use a multi-model mean of the bias-adjusted and downscaled product of five Earth System Models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project—phase6 (CMIP6), provided by Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP), under four shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP1–2.6, SSP2–4.5, SSP3–7.0, and SSP5–8.5) for the period 2021–2060, to estimate the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) at 1-, 6-, and 12-month time scales, and address the meteorological, agricultural, and hydrological drought, respectively. Additionally, SPEI is calculated from the bias-adjusted CMIP6 historical simulations and the reanalysis ‘WFDE5’ for 1980–2014 as a historical and reference period. The comparison of the CMIP6 with WFDE5 reveals a consistently increasing tendency for drought occurrences in the Mediterranean, particularly for agricultural and hydrological drought time scales. Nonetheless, an overestimation in historical trend magnitude is shown by the CMIP6 with respect to WFDE5. The projection results depict drought frequencies ranging between 12 and 25% of the studied period 2021–2060, varying with regions and climate scenarios. The tendency to increase the drought frequency is more pronounced in the southern than northern Mediterranean countries. Drought severity is remarkable in the aggregated time scales; consequently, more pressure is foreseen in the food and water sectors. Drought seasonality reveals a higher tendency for drought occurrences in summer (autumn) months for the meteorological (agricultural) droughts. The driving factor(s) for drought occurrence strongly depends on regional climate characteristics.

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A Multiscalar Standardized Vapor Pressure Deficit Index for Drought Monitoring and Impacts

Nwayor,

Robeson,

Ficklin

et al. 2024

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Vapour pressure deficit (VPD) is a critical measure of the atmospheric demand for water and can be used to assess short‐term and seasonal drought. To provide for probabilistic comparisons of VPD across space and time, we develop a Standardized Vapor Pressure Deficit Index (SVPDI). Similar to the way that other standardised drought indices are used, SVPDI allows for the analysis and comparison of changes in VPD across regions with different base level VPD values. It also should be useful for analysing impacts on vegetation that has varying levels of adaptation to high VPD. We use 1‐, 3‐, 6‐ and 12‐month timescales for the development of SVPDI and show that the gamma distribution is superior to other zero‐limited probability distributions for analysing VPD and, therefore, for calculating SVPDI. Then, focusing on the short‐term variations at the 1‐ and 3‐month timescales, we show how SVPDI has changed globally from 1958 to 2023 and how those changes differ from those of the commonly used Standardized Precipitation Evaporation Index (SPEI). We find that SVPDI shows more widespread drying conditions that also are larger in magnitude compared to those of SPEI. Although the two indices are moderately well correlated across the terrestrial surface, we discover that they are more decoupled in humid and arid regions compared to dry sub‐humid and semi‐arid regions. Using four locations that have recently experienced severe drought, we find that SVPDI generally showed longer drought duration and more severe drought events in the last decade when compared to SPEI.

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Comparing the accuracy of estimating soil moisture using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI)

Cited by 5 publications

References 11 publications

Trends in drought occurrence and severity at mid-latitude European stations (1951–2015) estimated using standardized precipitation (SPI) and precipitation and evapotranspiration (SPEI) indices

Trends in drought occurrence and severity at mid-latitude European stations (1951–2015) estimated using standardized precipitation (SPI) and precipitation and evapotranspiration (SPEI) indices

Drought characteristics in Mediterranean under future climate change

A Multiscalar Standardized Vapor Pressure Deficit Index for Drought Monitoring and Impacts

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