Comparing the effects of bisphenol A, C, and F on bovine theca cells in vitro

Tyner, Miles D W; Maloney, Madeline O; Kelley, Brendan J B; Combelles, Catherine M.H.

doi:10.1016/j.reprotox.2022.05.003

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In mammals, BPF disrupted gene expression and promoted trophoblast invasion in endometrial stromal cells ( 77 ), further studies found that BPF could regulate steroid hormone receptor function interfering with endometrial cell receptivity and thereby impairs embryonic implantation ( 78 ). Within follicular development, a recent study investigated the effects of BPF on bovine theca cells and reported no changes in theca cell viability but did observe disruptions in progesterone production ( 79 ). Another study reported similar findings in porcine granulosa cells; unlike BPA, BPF also had no effect on granulosa cell viability, but did disrupt gene expression of key factors for follicular development ( 80 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bisphenols A and F, but not S, induce apoptosis in bovine granulosa cells via the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway

Kourmaeva

Sabry²,

Favetta³

2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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With the gradual decline in global fertility rates, there is a need to identify potential contributing factors, their mechanisms of actions and investigate possible solutions to reverse the trend. Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), such as bisphenol A (BPA), are environmental toxicants that are known to negatively impact reproductive functions. As such, the use of BPA in the manufacturing industry has slowly been replaced by analogs, including bisphenol S (BPS) and bisphenol F (BPF), despite limited knowledge available regarding their impact on health and their safety. The following study investigates the effects of BPA, BPS and BPF at a concentration of 0.5 μg/mL and 50 μg/mL on bovine granulosa cell apoptosis, with the ultimate goal of determining how they may impact oocyte competence and, thus, overall fertility. The underlying hypothesis is that bisphenols disrupt the granulosa cell environment surrounding the oocyte inducing excessive apoptosis via the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway. To test this hypothesis, apoptosis was measured following a time- and dose-dependent exposure to all three bisphenols by flowcytometry paired with annexin V/PI staining as well as by quantification of key genes belonging to the intrinsic apoptotic pathway both at the mRNA and protein levels. The results of this study report that BPA and BPF reduce cell viability through reduced cell counts and increased apoptosis. This increase is due, in part, to the induction of apoptotic genes of the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis. Additionally, this study also suggests that BPS may not act on the intrinsic mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in bovine granulosa cells. Overall, this study allows us to establish potential apoptotic pathways activated by bisphenols as well as compare the relative apoptotic activities of BPA to its most widespread analogs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bisphenols A and F, but not S, induce apoptosis in bovine granulosa cells via the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway

Kourmaeva

Sabry²,

Favetta³

2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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“…Studies have shown that BPA exerts endocrine-disrupting effects on human ovarian GCs through the BPA–CTNNB1–FOXL2–CYP19A1–E2 signaling cascade [ 265 ]. BPF induces an increase in progesterone secretion, whereas BPA and bisphenol (BPC) induce a decrease in progesterone secretion [ 266 ]. Alterations in the progesterone biosynthesis pathway are mediated by PPARγ-dependent activation of epidermal growth factor receptor and ERK1/2, resulting in increased mRNA expression of STAR [ 267 ].…”

Section: Toxic Effects Of Bisphenols On the Ovarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Invisible Hand behind Female Reproductive Disorders: Bisphenols, Recent Evidence and Future Perspectives

Wu,

Tian,

Zhu

et al. 2023

Toxics

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Reproductive disorders are considered a global health problem influenced by physiological, genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. The increased exposure to bisphenols, a chemical used in large quantities for the production of polycarbonate plastics, has raised concerns regarding health risks in humans, particularly their endocrine-disrupting effects on female reproductive health. To provide a basis for future research on environmental interference and reproductive health, we reviewed relevant studies on the exposure patterns and levels of bisphenols in environmental matrices and humans (including susceptible populations such as pregnant women and children). In addition, we focused on in vivo, in vitro, and epidemiological studies evaluating the effects of bisphenols on the female reproductive system (the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, and vagina). The results indicate that bisphenols cause structural and functional damage to the female reproductive system by interfering with hormones; activating receptors; inducing oxidative stress, DNA damage, and carcinogenesis; and triggering epigenetic changes, with the damaging effects being intergenerational. Epidemiological studies support the association between bisphenols and diseases such as cancer of the female reproductive system, reproductive dysfunction, and miscarriage, which may negatively affect the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. Altogether, this review provides a reference for assessing the adverse effects of bisphenols on female reproductive health.

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“…The structures of BPZ, BPF, and BPS are completely symmetrical, while the chemical characteristics of BPZ and BPC are similar. BPZ is used to cure highly heat-resistant plastic materials and in electrical insulation [ 3 ]; BPS is widely used in the manufacture of epoxy resin, baby bottles, and thermal paper because of its good thermostability and photostability [ 4 , 5 ]; BPF is mainly used in polycarbonate plastic, varnish, paint, gasket, adhesive, and other products manufacturing [ 6 ]; BPC can be used in the preparation of flame retardants [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies also revealed that chronic exposure to low concentrations of BPS reduced the transcription of several antioxidant genes, including gpx1 , Cu/Zn-sod , and cat , indicating decreased antioxidant capacity and elevated oxidative stress in the adult zebrafish brain [ 23 ]. The latest research showed that BPC is more detrimental to theca cell viability and progesterone production compared to BPA [ 7 ]. However, to the best of our knowledge, there are a few studies on the toxic effects of mid-long-term exposure to BPs on aquatic life, and they mainly focus on reproductive toxicity and developmental toxicity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of BPZ, BPC, BPF, and BPS Exposure on Adult Zebrafish (Danio rerio): Accumulation, Oxidative Stress, and Gene Expression

Han

Liu

Wang

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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As substitutes for bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol analogs (BPs) have been found to cause endocrine disorders and induce toxic effects. The objective of this study was to evaluate the bioaccumulation and subacute toxicity of bisphenol Z (BPZ), bisphenol C (BPC), bisphenol F (BPF), and bisphenol S (BPS) to zebrafish. Five-month-old zebrafish were exposed to 1/100 LC50, 1/50 LC50, and 1/10 LC50 of BPZ, BPC, BPF, and BPS for 13 days, respectively. Bioaccumulation, oxidative stress, and related mRNA expression in zebrafish tissues were measured on days 1, 7, and 13. After exposure, the four kinds of BPs all resulted in the accumulation of concentration and lipid peroxidation in zebrafish tissues to varying degrees. BPZ and BPC had the highest bioaccumulation level and had the greatest influence on malonic dialdehyde (MDA). In addition, the enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), and the content of glutathione (GSH) in zebrafish tissues were also affected at different levels. However, the enzyme activities of SOD and POD were inactivated in zebrafish exposed to a high concentration of BPC. Further studies showed that BPs exposure down-regulated the transcription level of sod but up-regulated the relative expression levels of cat and gpx. The mRNA relative expression level of erα was not significantly changed, while the mRNA relative expression level of erβ1 was significantly down-regulated except under BPS exposure. These results indicate that BPZ, BPC, and BPF significantly affect the expression level of the estrogen receptor (ER) in zebrafish tissues. Overall, the results suggest that exposure to waterborne BPs can cause severe oxidative stress and tissue damage in adult zebrafish that is not sufficient to kill them after 13 days of waterborne exposure. The toxicity of BPs to organisms, therefore, should be further analyzed and evaluated.

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Comparing the effects of bisphenol A, C, and F on bovine theca cells in vitro

Cited by 10 publications

References 48 publications

Bisphenols A and F, but not S, induce apoptosis in bovine granulosa cells via the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway

Bisphenols A and F, but not S, induce apoptosis in bovine granulosa cells via the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway

Invisible Hand behind Female Reproductive Disorders: Bisphenols, Recent Evidence and Future Perspectives

Effects of BPZ, BPC, BPF, and BPS Exposure on Adult Zebrafish (Danio rerio): Accumulation, Oxidative Stress, and Gene Expression

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