Comparing the Effects of Particulate Matter on the Ocular Surfaces of Normal Eyes and a Dry Eye Rat Model

Han, Ji Yun; Kang, Boram; Eom, Youngsub; Kim, Hyo Myung; Song, Jong Suk

doi:10.1097/ico.0000000000001171

Cited by 53 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…LDH activity was measured with the LDH ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) kit (Cyto-Tox96 nonradioactive cytotoxicity assay; Promega, Madison, WI, USA), 30,31 and the level of MUC5AC was measured with an ELISA kit for mucin 5 subtype AC (MyBiosource; San Diego, CA, USA). [30][31][32] The blood samples for measuring the IgG and IgE levels in serum were collected from the abdominal aorta of four rats in each group under general anesthesia. The IgG level in serum (1:200,000) was measured with a rat IgG ELISA kit (ab189578; Abcam, Cambridge, UK), while the IgE level in serum (9:10) was measured with a rat IgE ELISA kit (ab157736; Abcam).…”

Section: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Protective Effect of a Topical Mucin Secretagogue on Ocular Surface Damage Induced by Airborne Carbon Black Exposure

Kang

Eom

et al. 2019

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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PURPOSE. Exposure to airborne particulate matter can induce ocular surface damage and inflammation. We evaluated the effects of a topical mucin secretagogue on the mitigation of ocular surface damage induced by exposure to airborne carbon black (CB). METHODS. Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to ambient CB for 2 hours twice daily for 5 days. Corneal staining score and tear lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) activity were measured to evaluate ocular surface damage. Serum immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgE levels and the sizes of cervical lymph nodes were also measured. The expressions of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-17, and interferon (IFN)-c were measured by Western blot analysis. Diquafosol tetrasodium was instilled six times a day for 5 days, and the extent of ocular surface damage was evaluated. RESULTS. After exposure to airborne CB, the median corneal staining score and LDH activity were significantly increased. Serum IgG and IgE levels and the sizes of cervical lymph nodes were also significantly increased. Additionally, the expression of IL-4 and IFN-c was elevated in the anterior segment of the eyeball. Furthermore, the expression of IL-4, IL-17, and IFN-c was elevated in the cervical lymph nodes. When exposed to airborne black carbon, topical diquafosol tetrasodium significantly increased tear MUC5AC concentration and decreased tear LDH activity. CONCLUSIONS. Exposure to airborne CB induced ocular surface damage and increased proinflammatory cytokines in the eyes and cervical lymph nodes. Topical mucin secretagogues seem to have a protective effect on the ocular surface against exposure to airborne particulate matters.

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Section: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Protective Effect of a Topical Mucin Secretagogue on Ocular Surface Damage Induced by Airborne Carbon Black Exposure

Kang

Eom

et al. 2019

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“…High level of PM 10 and NO 2 in big cities was associated with shortening of BUT, what is an indicator of eyes' dryness. [16] Han et al [17] compared the influence of particulate matter (PM) in the form of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) on healthy eyes and on eyes with DES on rat models. In the DES group, there were higher concentrations of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFa) and indicators of inflammation in the tear film.…”

Section: Dry Eye Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

How air pollution affects the eyes — a review

et al. 2018

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The aim of this study is to present scientific reports concerning the influence of air pollution on eyes. Air pollution is nowadays a common problem. The most significant pollutants are carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), ozone (O 3 ), sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ), particulate matters -PM 10 and PM 2.5 . The main source of toxins in the air are cars, burning of the fuels and burning of the charcoal in household stoves. Most attention is paid to negative effects of air pollution on respiratory system, such as asthma and lung cancer, however, it is worth remembering that influence on the eyes is equally important. Children are especially vulnerable to the harmful effects of air pollution. Anterior segment of the eye is the most exposed. Substances, which are part of the smog have an irritating effect on the surface of the eye, cause disturbances in the tear film and an inflammation. Medical conditions associated with increased air pollution are mainly eye irritation, conjunctivitis, dry eye syndrome (DES), meibomian gland dysfunction (MGB) and blepharitis.

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“…After 30 seconds, the thread was removed and the tear secretion was measured by evaluating the length of the wet portion (i.e., the red portion). 28,29 Tear Film Stability. The tear film stability of five eyes from each group was evaluated according to the previous method used to measure corneal wetting ability 15 minutes after instillation of eye drops.…”

Section: Experiments 1: the Effects Of 10% Nac Topical Administration mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Topical Mucolytic Agents on the Tears and Ocular Surface: A Plausible Animal Model of Mucin-Deficient Dry Eye

Kang

Woo

et al. 2018

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Comparing the Effects of Particulate Matter on the Ocular Surfaces of Normal Eyes and a Dry Eye Rat Model

Abstract: TiO2 nanoparticle exposure on the ocular surface had a more prominent effect in the EDE model than it did in the normal model. The ocular surface of dry eyes seems to be more vulnerable to fine dust of air pollution than that of normal eyes.

Cited by 53 publications

References 21 publications

The Protective Effect of a Topical Mucin Secretagogue on Ocular Surface Damage Induced by Airborne Carbon Black Exposure

The Protective Effect of a Topical Mucin Secretagogue on Ocular Surface Damage Induced by Airborne Carbon Black Exposure

How air pollution affects the eyes — a review

Effects of Topical Mucolytic Agents on the Tears and Ocular Surface: A Plausible Animal Model of Mucin-Deficient Dry Eye

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