Comparing the luminosity distance for gravitational waves and electromagnetic signals in a simple model of quadratic gravity

Abstract

We compute the modified friction coefficient controlling the propagation of tensor metric perturbations in the context of a generalized cosmological scenario based on a theory of gravity with quadratic curvature corrections. In such a context we discuss the differences between gravitational and electromagnetic luminosity distance, as well as the differences with the standard results based on the Einstein equations. We present numerical estimates of the modified luminosity distance on the cosmic redshift scale typical of Supernovae and standard sirens.

A thorough investigation of the prospects of eLISA in addressing the Hubble tension: Fisher Forecast, MCMC and Machine Learning

“…-26 -On the theoretical side, GW luminosity distance d (GW ) L can differ from d L in alternative theories of gravity. This is why standard sirens can also serve as a powerful observational probe of modified gravity [78][79][80]. Thus, one can extend the present work by moving beyond GR and employing our current method of study to forecast on aspects of modified gravity models as well.…”

“…Here, Ω m0 is the matter density parameter at the present epoch, Ω r0 is the radiation density parameter at the present epoch, and w(z) is the equation of state (EoS) of the dark energy (DE) sector which is assumed in general to be of dynamic nature. While this definition of d L typically applies to electromagnetic sources (such as supernovae), within GR it also holds for GW sources as there is no distinction between the EM luminosity distance and the GW luminosity distance d (GW ) L [78][79][80]. Since we have restricted our present analysis to GR, we shall henceforth identify d L with the GW luminosity distance throughout the rest of this paper.…”

Constraining runaway dilaton models using joint gravitational-wave and electromagnetic observations

“…III B 3 and VI for a discussion), one can place constraints on the parameter η 0 . At this point, we note that studies in [62][63][64] have constrained the ratio of the two luminosity distances, albeit in the context of modifying the frictional term in the gravitational sector alone, through the parameterization,…”

“…Gravitational wave astronomy has opened a new means of revealing the presence of a scalar degree of freedom. Coincident measurements of the luminosity distance from GW observations and the redshift from follow-up EM observations of "bright" sirens, such as the first observation of gravitational waves from a binary neutron star merger, GW170817 [60,61], have been used to put limits on the modified friction term in f (R) and scalar-tensor theories of gravity [62,63]. The luminosity distance-redshift relation has also been constrained for "dark" sirens (GW observations without an EM counterpart) by cross-correlations with galaxy catalogs [63,64].…”

On phenomenological parametrizations for the luminosity distance of gravitational waves

“…Unless otherwise specified, from now on we always take δ as a function of z (δ(z)). The difference between d gw L and d em L implies that measurements of luminosity distance performed with coalescing compact binaries -standard sirens -are different from measurements with electromagnetic probes, thus providing a possible test for deviations of GR, as explored in [21,22,[43][44][45].…”