Comparing the mitochondrial signatures in ESCs and iPSCs and their neural derivations

Kristiansen, Cecilie Katrin; Chen, Anbin; Høyland, Lena Elise; Ziegler, Mathias; Sullivan, Gareth J.; Bindoff, Laurence A.; Liang, Kristina Xiao

doi:10.1080/15384101.2022.2092185

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Aside being a key transcription factor for regulation of self‐replication and pluripotency of stem cells, Sox2 also regulates the proliferation of NSCs 49 . GFAP was chosen to identify the multidirectional differentiation ability of NSCs 50 . As a principal constituent of the axonal cytoskeleton, β III Tuj1 is widely used as a marker to distinguish neurons from other cell types 51 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant‐derived exosomes extracted from Lycium barbarum L. loaded with isoliquiritigenin to promote spinal cord injury repair based on 3D printed bionic scaffold

Wang,

Liu,

Cao

et al. 2024

Bioengineering & Transla Med

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Plant‐derived exosomes (PEs) possess an array of therapeutic properties, including antitumor, antiviral, and anti‐inflammatory capabilities. They are also implicated in defensive responses to pathogenic attacks. Spinal cord injuries (SCIs) regeneration represents a global medical challenge, with appropriate research concentration on three pivotal domains: neural regeneration promotion, inflammation inhibition, and innovation and application of regenerative scaffolds. Unfortunately, the utilization of PE in SCI therapy remains unexplored. Herein, we isolated PE from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb, Lycium barbarum L. and discovered their inflammatory inhibition and neuronal differentiation promotion capabilities. Compared with exosomes derived from ectomesenchymal stem cells (EMSCs), PE demonstrated a substantial enhancement in neural differentiation. We encapsulated isoliquiritigenin (ISL)‐loaded plant‐derived exosomes (ISL@PE) from L. barbarum L. within a 3D‐printed bionic scaffold. The intricate construct modulated the inflammatory response following SCI, facilitating the restoration of damaged axons and culminating in ameliorated neurological function. This pioneering investigation proposes a novel potential route for insoluble drug delivery via plant exosomes, as well as SCI repair. The institutional animal care and use committee number is UJS‐IACUC‐2020121602.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 49 GFAP was chosen to identify the multidirectional differentiation ability of NSCs. 50 As a principal constituent of the axonal cytoskeleton, β III Tuj1 is widely used as a marker to distinguish neurons from other cell types. 51 Thus, a positive staining indicated that the cultured cells were NSCs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant‐derived exosomes extracted from Lycium barbarum L. loaded with isoliquiritigenin to promote spinal cord injury repair based on 3D printed bionic scaffold

Wang,

Liu,

Cao

et al. 2024

Bioengineering & Transla Med

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“…Patient-derived iPSCs, generated from parental fibroblasts with POLG mutations, notably one homozygous for c.2243G>C; p.W748S (WS5A), were cultured following methods previously established (20, 21, 22, 23). Disease-free control iPSCs were reprogrammed using fibroblast lines Detroit 551 and CCD-1079Sk (24, 25, 26).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nicotinamide Riboside Supplementation Ameliorates Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Neuronal Loss in POLG Mutant Midbrain Organoids

Yangzom,

Chen,

Sullivan

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with many neurodegenerative disorders and is particularly prominent in conditions tied toPOLGmutations.POLGencodes DNA polymerase gamma vital for mitochondrial DNA replication. Employing 3D human pluripotent stem cell-derived midbrain organoids (hMOs), harbouringPOLGmutations, this study explores their differentiation, transcriptional alterations, and underlying pathways of neurodegeneration associated withPOLGmutations. The generated hMOs displayed midbrain specificity and, at three months, a reduced diameter, suggesting growth challenges fromPOLGmutations. A reduced presence of dopaminergic neurons, particularly in DA2 and ventral midbrain classes, was evident. Intriguingly, post-treatment with 1 mM Nicotinamide Riboside (NR), an NAD+precursor, the organoids demonstrated an increased count of DA and VMN neurons and an elevated gene expression, especially in processes crucial to mitochondrial and synaptic functions. Our findings spotlight NAD+supplementation has potential therapeutic value in addressing POLG-associated neuronal and mitochondrial deficits. Moreover, the unique insights garnered from single-cell RNA sequencing, and enrichment analyses further emphasize the significance of mitochondrial disturbances and potential interventions for POLG-related neurodegenerative conditions. In summary, we underscore the transformative potential of NAD+in managing neurodegenerative diseases associated withPOLGmutations. It also establishes the utility ofPOLGmutant hMOs as a potent research model.

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“…Both iPSCs and ESCs exhibited equivalent neuronal differentiation potential, and both cells showed similar cholinergic motor neuron differentiation potential and the ability to induce the contraction of myotubes [ 18 ]. In another study, while iPSC-derived neural stem cells (NSCs) had decreased ATP production compared to that of ESC-derived NSCs, iPSC-derived astrocytes had increased ATP production compared to that of ESC-derived astrocytes [ 19 ].…”

Section: Inhibiting the Smad Pathway In Ipscs For Neural Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuronal Cell Differentiation of iPSCs for the Clinical Treatment of Neurological Diseases

Lee,

Lee

et al. 2024

Biomedicines

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Current chemical treatments for cerebrovascular disease and neurological disorders have limited efficacy in tissue repair and functional restoration. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) present a promising avenue in regenerative medicine for addressing neurological conditions. iPSCs, which are capable of reprogramming adult cells to regain pluripotency, offer the potential for patient-specific, personalized therapies. The modulation of molecular mechanisms through specific growth factor inhibition and signaling pathways can direct iPSCs’ differentiation into neural stem cells (NSCs). These include employing bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4), transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ), and Sma-and Mad-related protein (SMAD) signaling. iPSC-derived NSCs can subsequently differentiate into various neuron types, each performing distinct functions. Cell transplantation underscores the potential of iPSC-derived NSCs to treat neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease and points to future research directions for optimizing differentiation protocols and enhancing clinical applications.

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Comparing the mitochondrial signatures in ESCs and iPSCs and their neural derivations

Cited by 6 publications

References 30 publications

Plant‐derived exosomes extracted from Lycium barbarum L. loaded with isoliquiritigenin to promote spinal cord injury repair based on 3D printed bionic scaffold

Plant‐derived exosomes extracted from Lycium barbarum L. loaded with isoliquiritigenin to promote spinal cord injury repair based on 3D printed bionic scaffold

Nicotinamide Riboside Supplementation Ameliorates Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Neuronal Loss in POLG Mutant Midbrain Organoids

Neuronal Cell Differentiation of iPSCs for the Clinical Treatment of Neurological Diseases

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