Comparing the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis: A cross sectional study

Abstract

Evidence suggests an association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its complications in rheumatologic disorders. It has a proinflammatory role and leads to increased risk of morbidity and mortality. The present study evaluated and compared the prevalence of MetS in participants with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Two hundred fifty-three patients, including 68 SLE, 140 RA, and 45 PsA patients, were recruited for this study. Their demographic data, clinical features, and laboratory parameters were compared with those of age-matched controls (n=123). MetS was diagnosed based on the 2005 National Cholesterol Education Program (Adult Treatment Panel III) (NCEP/ATP III) and International Diabetes Federation (IDF) definitions. The prevalence of MetS in patients and controls was compared. Statistical analysis was performed in SPSS version 19, and results were considered significant at p<0.05. The mean ages of SLE, RA, and PsA patients were 42.14±11.5, 44.00±9.8, and 44.70±5.0 years, respectively. Based on NCEP/ATP III criteria, MetS was present in 48.5% of SLE patients, 55.5% of PsA patients, 31.4% of RA patients, and 34.9% of controls (p=0.007). The prevalence of MetS was high in patients with PsA and SLE, while arterial hypertension was more prevalent in PsA patients, and lower levels of blood sugar were seen in those with RA. The components of MetS should be routinely investigated in patients with these disorders to make early diagnoses and determine appropriate management plans.