Comparison among different postharvest ripening treatments based on carotene contents in mango using UV–VIS and Raman spectroscopy

Abstract

The overall purpose of this research work is to investigate carotenoids content using spectrophotometric data of two famous cultivars of Pakistani mangoes (Ratol and Chaunsa) under different postharvest ripening treatments. The UV-VIS absorption results of these cultivars show absorption at wavelength positions 425, 446 and 467 nm which correspond to carotenoids specifically to β-carotene. In fruits and particularly in mangoes, synthesis of β-carotene is correlated with the ripening. Overall, every treatment has shown ripening of mango, but the concentration of β-carotene based on UV-VIS absorption intensity varies with treatment as well as with cultivars. Apart from trace elements (calcium arsenide and calcium phosphide) which are injurious to human health, these results show that in both cultivars, the synthesis of β-carotene is maximum when mangoes are ripened with calcium carbide. Additionally, these results also depict the difference in the content of these important pigments more than twice in Ratol cultivar when compared with Chaunsa. Agreeing with the results of UV-VIS absorption, Raman spectroscopy also shows comparable variations in β-carotene content for both mango cultivars. The Raman spectra of pulp, under different postharvest treatments, depict β-carotene specific characteristic peaks at 1003, 1150 and 1515 cm −1 . In order to educate consumers regarding good quality foods, future study with more attention focused on studying the concentration of β-carotene in other varieties is also desirable.

Monitoring the Quality Parameters of Mango Juices Using Fluorescence Spectroscopy

“…In addition to being a wholesome source of vitamins and minerals, mangoes also give harvesters a means of subsistence. Mangoes provide the second-highest yielding fruit in Pakistan [4]. According to [5], mangoes can be divided into three different components: macronutrients (proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, fatty acids and organic acids), micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) and phytochemicals (phenolic acid, polyphenol, avonoids and pigments like chlorophyll and carotenoids), which are also present in the fruit's seed and skin.…”

“…Mangoes are mostly composed of chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments, which makes them a great source of beta-carotene, a type of carotenoids found in yellow-orange fruits [4]. One antioxidant is betacarotene.…”

Ripening process in exocarps of scarlet eggplant (Solanum aethiopicum) and banana (Musa spp.) investigated by Raman spectroscopy

“…Raman spectroscopy has already been used in several samples of fruits and vegetables for the in situ analysis of different carotenoids and flavonoids, in which the analysis can be done quickly, and non-destructively, an essential advantage for biological materials ( Baranski et al, 2005 , Campos et al, 2022 , Pećinar et al, 2021 ). Given these advantages, many studies have used Raman spectroscopy to monitor different stages of fruit maturation, such as tomatoes, mangoes, and peppers ( Campos et al, 2022 , Kolašinac et al, 2021 , Qin et al, 2011 , Ullah et al, 2019 ). Hence, studies monitoring compounds along the fruit ripening may reveal which stage is more suitable to extract a selected metabolite.…”