Comparison and Impact of Waste Heat Recovery Technologies on Passenger Car Fuel Consumption in a Normalized Driving Cycle

Abstract

Abstract:The purpose of this article was to compare different waste heat recovery system technologies designed for automotive applications. A complete literature review is done and results in two comparative graphs. In the second part, simulation models are built and calibrated in order to assess the fuel consumption reduction that can be achieved on a real driving cycle. The strength of this article is that the models are calibrated using actual data. Finally, those simulations results are analyzed and the Rankine cycle and turbocompound are the two most profitable solutions. However the simulations of the turbocompound shows its limitations because the impact on the exhaust pressure drop is not taken into account in the assessment of the car fuel consumption. Fuel reduction of up to 6% could be achieved, depending on the driving cycle and the waste heat recovery technology.

Thermoelectric Energy Recovery in a Light-Duty Diesel Vehicle under Real-World Driving Conditions at Different Altitudes with Diesel, Biodiesel and GTL Fuels

“…TEG are based on the Seebeck effect for direct electricity production between two heat sources at different temperatures. Although they have low efficiency and problems due to the increase in the back pressure in the exhaust pipe [11], TEG seems to be the most suitable alternative for energy recovery in light-duty vehicles, where there are space and weight restrictions [12][13][14][15].…”

Improving the Thermal Efficiency of the Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engine by Using Various Combustion Patterns

“…Many technologies have been developed for improving the efficiency of engines, such as engine downsizing [2][3][4], the Atkinson or Miller cycle [4][5][6], gasoline direct injection (GDI) [7][8][9], the homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) [10][11][12][13][14], reduction of exhaust energy loss [15,16] or heat loss [17][18][19][20], electrical or precisely controlled cooling systems [20][21][22], and combustion phase control [23]. Cesare et al [1] reported that engine downsizing concepts, such as turbocharging combined with GDI, have contributed to the recent improvements of ICEs.…”

“…Therefore, HCCI is an advanced combustion concept for ICEs that has attracted global attention in recent years [10]. Legros et al [16] compared various waste heat treatment technologies, such as Rankine cycles, thermoelectric generators, and turbo compounding, and achieved a fuel reduction of up to 6%. Zhang et al [20] proposed a dynamic control of cooling systems and achieved low heat loss.…”

Modelling, sizing and testing a scroll expander for a waste heat recovery application on a gasoline engine

“…The sensitivity of the volume ratio on the produced power is also very interesting. An expression has been derived and is given in equation (1). Dividing that expression by the isentropic power gives a ratio of the residual power after a reduction of the volume ratio.…”

“…Currently, almost none of them are mature and then are still in research phase. Legros et al [1] have conducted an extensive review of those technologies and provide a comparison between them. The outcome of that comparison shows some advantages of the Rankine cycle heat engine.…”