Comparison between dual-layer (superhydrophobic–hydrophobic) and single superhydrophobic layer electrospun membranes for heavy metal recovery by air-gap membrane distillation

Attia, Hadi Ghali; Johnson, Daniel J.; Wright, Chris J.; Hilal, Nidal

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2018.04.003

Cited by 44 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…This can be attributed to high roughness of the electrospun membrane surface created by overlapping nanofibres, which leads to a reduction in the contact area between the water droplet and the membrane. This finding is similar with previously reported research work [23,27].…”

Section: Membrane Surface Wettabilitysupporting

confidence: 94%

“…The electrospun membranes were fabricated using a lab-made electrospinning device as shown in Fig. 1 with further details can be found in Attia et al [27]. For neat membrane and support layer of modified membrane, the polymer solution was electrospun on a rotating drum covered by aluminium foil using a row of four needles (18 G) with two different flow rates (0.2 ml/h for middle two needles and 0.35 ml/h for needles positioned at either end) and a spinneret to drum space of 150 mm.…”

Section: Membrane Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The heavy metal concentration was measured by atomic adsorption spectroscopy (PinAAcl 900F, PerkinElmer, USA). Additionally, the permeate flux and rejection measured were measured as described in our previous publication [27].…”

Section: Agmd Performance Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This electrospun membrane structure with bead-free nanofibre might be due to a moderate viscosity of the fabrication solution (118 cP) as a result of using 15 wt% as a polymer concentration. Additionally, using the cationic surfactant (HTAB) would reduce the surface tension of the dope solution and enhance dope solution conductivity [16,27].…”

Section: Surface Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…electrospun base layer) membrane was 0.507 µm whereas minimum and maximum pore size was 0.488 and 0.64, respectively. The membrane pore size for membranes fabricated by electrospinning is controlled by the fibre diameter [16,27]. In addition, polymer viscosity, which corresponds with the polymer concentration and the polymer molecular weight, has a major effect on fibre diameter [43].…”

Section: Membrane Pore Size and Liquid Entry Pressurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Robust superhydrophobic electrospun membrane fabricated by combination of electrospinning and electrospraying techniques for air gap membrane distillation

et al. 2018

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Membrane pore wetting is the main problem hindering long term stability of permeate flux quality in membrane distillation (MD) applications. A superhydrophobic membrane with micro and nanostructured surface features can offer a unique solution to resolve this issue. Thus, a modified electrospun membrane was fabricated using a combination of electrospinning and electrospraying. The membrane surface hydrophobicity was enhanced by constructing a beaded structure from spraying a mixture of non-fluorinated alumina (Al2O3) nanoparticles (NPs) mixed with low concentration of PVDF polymer on an electrospun base membrane made from PVDF. The results revealed that a rough surface with a hierarchical structure can be constructed, which could not only enhance the membrane hydrophobicity, but also further enhance the permeate efficiency by improving parameters such as flux and rejection. Additionally, the membrane hydrophobicity could be further tuned by controlling the bead spinning volume. Our study shows that the modified membrane with 7.8µm beads layer thickness has boosted the liquid entry pressure (LEP) by 61% from 15.5 psi and the water contact angle to 154 o. The performance of modified membranes with different spraying volume (1-5 ml) along with the neat electrospun and commercial membranes were examined in an air gap membrane distillation (AGMD) application for 5 hours using a 2.5 wt% of synthetic heavy metal solution as a wastewater model. Then, the optimized superhydrophobic membrane with 2 ml spinning volume (ES15-2) was further tested in comparison with the commercial membrane during long-term operations (30 h) using 3.5 wt% of mixed heavy metals. The flux was 18.67 LMH (L m −2 h −1) for modified membrane (ES15-2) compare with 12.62 LMH for commercial PVDF membrane during 30 h of long-term operation with feed and coolant temperature at 60 o C, 20 o C, respectively. The present superhydrophobic membrane fabricated by a combined electrospinning/electrospray method shows high potential for MD applications.

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Section: Membrane Surface Wettabilitysupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Membrane Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Agmd Performance Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Surface Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Membrane Pore Size and Liquid Entry Pressurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Robust superhydrophobic electrospun membrane fabricated by combination of electrospinning and electrospraying techniques for air gap membrane distillation

et al. 2018

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Polymer Nanocomposites Based on Nano Alumina

Chapa González

2024

Chemical Physics of Polymer Nanocomposites

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Effect of ZnO nanoparticles loading in double‐layer polyvinylidene fluoride membrane for desalination via direct contact membrane distillation

Radzi

Ahmad

2020

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

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In this study, double‐layer flat sheet membranes consist of nanocomposite polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)–ZnO layer on the top, whereas pristine polymeric PVDF on the bottom was fabricated via the double‐casting phase inversion (DCPI) method. The nanocomposite layer was prepared by loading 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% of ZnO nanoparticles. The morphology of the membranes changed as ZnO nanoparticles were introduced in the top layer, where the structure is more rigid and porous than the bottom layer. The increment concentration of nanoparticles in the top layer of the double‐layer membrane gives an effect in increasing of water contact angle slightly, which is from 136° to 140°. Furthermore, the liquid entry pressure of water (LEPw) decreases gradually from 0.69 to 0.4 bar with a high concentration of ZnO due to the presence of large pores. The increment concentration of ZnO nanoparticles also resulted in high porosity and reduced pore size, which reduce the resistance of water vapour to pass through the pores as well as enhancing the performance of membrane distillation (MD). Direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) experiments were carried out to evaluate the efficiency of the fabricated double‐layer membrane in the desalination of seawater from fish farm water for 6‐h operation. The optimal double‐layer membrane with 0.5% ZnO nanoparticles loading maintained a stable flux of 9.42 L/m2h with 99.9% salt rejection and has antifouling properties. The results indicated that the fabricated double‐layer membrane via the DCPI method fulfils the required properties for MD application with excellent salt rejection.

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Comparison between dual-layer (superhydrophobic–hydrophobic) and single superhydrophobic layer electrospun membranes for heavy metal recovery by air-gap membrane distillation

Abstract: Comparison between dual-layer (superhydrophobic-hydrophobic) and single superhydrophobic layer electrospun membranes for heavy metal recovery by air-gap membrane distillation.

Cited by 44 publications

References 56 publications

Robust superhydrophobic electrospun membrane fabricated by combination of electrospinning and electrospraying techniques for air gap membrane distillation

Robust superhydrophobic electrospun membrane fabricated by combination of electrospinning and electrospraying techniques for air gap membrane distillation

Polymer Nanocomposites Based on Nano Alumina

Effect of ZnO nanoparticles loading in double‐layer polyvinylidene fluoride membrane for desalination via direct contact membrane distillation

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