Comparison between micro-hematocrit centrifugation technique and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect Trypanosoma evansi in experimentally inoculated goats

Tejedor-Junco, María Teresa; González, Margarita; Rodríguez, N.F.; Corbera, Juan Alberto; Gutiérrez, Carlos

doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2010.10.014

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Animal trypanosomosis remains one of the most important constraint [19]. Molecular found in this stud the diagnosis of trypanosome infection, which is consistent with the findings of earlier workers on the use of this method for the detection of various livestock diseases [20][21][22][23][24]. The high prevalence rate of sub-clinical T. vivax infection was a further indication that Nigerian goats harbour this parasite and may act as a critical reservoir, similar to the findings of Ohaeri [25].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Molecular Diagnosis of Subclinical African Trypanosoma vivax Infection and Association with Physiological Indices and Serum Metabolites in Extensively Managed Goats in the Tropics

Sanni¹,

Onasanya²,

Adefenwa³

et al. 2013

OJVM

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Trypanosomosis remains a major challenge to livestock production in much of tropical Sub-Saharan Africa, while diagnosis and treatment still depend on inefficient parasitological techniques. Endemic infections depend on animal reservoirs with subclinical parasitemia. We report molecular diagnosis of subclinical Trypanosoma vivax (T. vivax) infection using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the first time in Nigerian goats and associate parasite presence with gross physiological traits and serum metabolites in extensively managed Nigerian goats. PCR was used to amplify a 400 bp DNA fragment of the parasite genome in 205 goats across three geographical zones of the country. Results showed a high subclinical infection rate (SCIR) of 71.7% in the total goats examined. Overall SCIRs of 71%, 75.9% and 55.6% were recorded in West African Dwarf, Red Sokoto and Sahel goats respectively, while geographical SCIRs were 71.2% (Southwest), 75% (Northwest) and 70% (Northeast). T. vivax presence had significant (P < 0.05) effect on respiratory rate and is associated with higher creatinine levels in sera. Logistic regression analyses with Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit showed that respiratory rate is the most important predictive trait for the presence of T. vivax infection (P < 0.05). Goats appear to be a viable reservoir for T. vivax infection of other livestock. Molecular diagnosis of subclinical trypanosomosis using PCR could be useful for large scale epidemiological studies, early diagnosis of subclinical infection and treatment of the disease in extensively managed tropical goats.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Molecular Diagnosis of Subclinical African Trypanosoma vivax Infection and Association with Physiological Indices and Serum Metabolites in Extensively Managed Goats in the Tropics

Sanni¹,

Onasanya²,

Adefenwa³

et al. 2013

OJVM

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“…The present study did not detect T. evansi in cattle and goats in all the sampling sites, even in cases where the animals were grazed together and shared watering points, which is consistent with the results of other studies [12,37]. However, some studies have reported experimental [38] and natural [37] infections of goats with T. evansi. Similarly, natural T. evansi infections in cattle have been reported [27,39,40].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Spatial–Temporal Variations in Parasitological Prevalence and Host-Related Risk Factors of Camel Trypanosomiasis and Its Vectors in North Eastern Kenya: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Study

Ogolla

Chemuliti

Wamwiri

et al. 2023

Journal of Parasitology Research

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Camel trypanosomiasis (Surra) is endemic in the Horn of Africa. Understanding the spatiotemporal variations in Surra prevalence, vector dynamics, and host-related risk factors is important in developing effective control strategies. A repeated cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the Surra parasitological prevalence, livestock reservoirs, vector density/diversity, and host-related risk factors in Kenya. Random samples of 847, 1079, and 824 camels were screened at the start of the dry season, peak dry season, and during the rainy season, respectively. Blood samples were examined using the dark ground/phase contrast buffy-coat technique, and Trypanosoma species were identified based on their movement and morphology in wet and stained thin smears. Reservoir status for Trypanosoma evansi was assessed in 406 cattle and 372 goats. A rainy and dry seasons entomological surveys were conducted to determine the Surra vector abundance/diversity and spatiotemporal density changes. Surra prevalence was 7.1%, 3.4%, and 4.1% at the start of the dry season, peak dry season, and rainy season, respectively. Camel co-infections by Trypanozoon (T. evansi or Trypanosoma brucei brucei) and Trypanosoma vivax were recorded. Spatial variations in Surra prevalence were recorded at the beginning of dry ( X 7 , N = 846 2 = 110.9 , p ≤ 0.001 ), peak dry ( X 7 , N = 1079 2 = 42.2 , p ≤ 0.001 ), and rainy ( X 7 , N = 824 2 = 29.1 , p ≤ 0.001 ) seasons. The screened cattle and goats tested negative for Trypanozoon (T. evansi or T. b. brucei), while two cattle tested positive for Trypanosoma congolense. Biting fly catches were composed of a single species from Tabanus, Atylotus, Philoliche, Chrysops, and Stomoxys genera. The total catches for Philoliche, Chrysops, and Stomoxys were higher in the rainy than dry season consistent with the prevalence results. Surra remains an important camel disease in the region with its prevalence varying in space and time. Camel co-infections by Trypanozoon (T. evansi or T. b. brucei) and T. vivax necessitate proper diagnosis of suspected cases and targeted therapy.

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“…Overall, the prevalence evaluated using PCR (45.62%) was higher than that evaluated using the HCT (13.42%). This confirmed the findings of other studies, namely, that the PCR detection limit for trypanosomes is generally higher than that of the HCT [28][29][30][31][32].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Seasonal Variation and Factors Affecting Trypanosoma theileri Infection in Wild Sika Deer (Ezo Sika Deer Cervus nippon yesoensis) in Eastern Hokkaido

Hong,

Suganuma,

Ohari

et al. 2023

Animals

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Trypanosoma (Megatrypanum) spp. are isolated from domestic and wild ruminants, including deer, worldwide. The prevalence of trypanosomes in mammals is influenced by a number of factors such as host age and vector abundance. However, the seasonal variation of and factors affecting trypanosome infection in the wild deer population remain elusive. In this study, we analyzed the seasonal variation in trypanosome prevalence and the factors that affect Trypanosoma theileri Laveran, 1902, infection in wild sika deer (Ezo sika deer) Cervus nippon yesoensis (Heude, 1884) in Eastern Hokkaido through a two-year survey. Seasonal variation in the prevalence of trypanosome infection in the deer population ranged from 0 to 41% as per hematocrit concentration and 17 to 89% as per PCR results. In general, the prevalence of T. theileri by PCR in 2020 was higher than that in 2019. Moreover, the prevalence was significantly higher in the aged population than among the younger population. These findings may explain why individual conditions and sampling season were associated with trypanosome prevalence. This is the first study to investigate the seasonal variation in and risk factors affecting trypanosome infection in wild deer.

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Comparison between micro-hematocrit centrifugation technique and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect Trypanosoma evansi in experimentally inoculated goats

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

Molecular Diagnosis of Subclinical African Trypanosoma vivax Infection and Association with Physiological Indices and Serum Metabolites in Extensively Managed Goats in the Tropics

Molecular Diagnosis of Subclinical African Trypanosoma vivax Infection and Association with Physiological Indices and Serum Metabolites in Extensively Managed Goats in the Tropics

Spatial–Temporal Variations in Parasitological Prevalence and Host-Related Risk Factors of Camel Trypanosomiasis and Its Vectors in North Eastern Kenya: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Study

Seasonal Variation and Factors Affecting Trypanosoma theileri Infection in Wild Sika Deer (Ezo Sika Deer Cervus nippon yesoensis) in Eastern Hokkaido

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