Comparison between self‐assembling peptide nanofiber scaffold (SAPNS) and fibrin sealant in neurosurgical hemostasis

Abstract

RADA16-I is a synthetic type I self-assembling peptide nanofi ber scaffold (SAPNS) which may serve as a novel biocompatible hemostatic agent. Its application in neurosurgical hemostasis, however, has not been explored. Although RADA16-I is nontoxic and nonimmunogenic, its intrinsic acidity may potentially provoke infl ammation in the surgically injured brain. We conducted an animal study to compare RADA16-I with fi brin sealant, a commonly used agent, with the hypothesis that the former would be a comparable alternative. Using a standardized surgical brain injury model, 30 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into three treatment groups: RADA16-I, fi brin sealant or gelatin sponge (control). Animals were sacrifi ced on day 3 and 42. Astrocytic and microglial infi ltrations within the cerebral parenchyma adjacent to the operative site were signifi cantly lower in the RADA16-I and fi brin sealant groups than control. RADA16-I did not cause more cellular infl ammatory response despite its acidity when compared with fi brin sealant. Immunohistochemical studies showed infi ltration by astrocytes and microglia into the fi brin sealant and RADA16-I grafts, suggesting their potential uses as tissue scaffolds. RADA16-I is a promising candidate for further translational and clinical studies that focus on its applications as a safe and effective hemostat, proregenerative nanofi ber scaffold as well as drug and cell carrier. Clin Trans Sci 2015; Volume 8: [490][491][492][493][494]

Multiple mechanisms underlying neuroprotection by secretory phospholipase A2 preconditioning in a surgically induced brain injury rat model

“…The traumatic nature of such injuries can lead to blood brain barrier (BBB) disruption, intra-operative bleeding, and direct cell death. In addition, primary and secondary neuroinflammation aggravate brain edema and worsen post-operative neurological function (Ghosh and Basu, 2012; Xu et al, 2015). Diuretics and steroids have conventionally been used to reduce post-operative complications in the clinics, but they are not always beneficial and sometimes may incur adverse effects (Un et al, 2013; Wakai et al, 2013).…”

On the analysis of microrheological responses of self‐assembling RADA16‐I peptide hydrogel

“…the formation of complementary ionic bonds. 48 In this study, increasing peptide concentration resulted in thickening of the globular nanofibers up to 400 nm in diameter.…”

“…The aggregation of the peptides is triggered upon neutralization of the charged residues by pH change or addition of biomolecules . When RADA16‐I exposed to physiologic media, the electrostatic repulsion between the peptide nanofibers is neutralized, resulting in the formation of complementary ionic bonds . In this study, increasing peptide concentration resulted in thickening of the globular nanofibers up to 400 nm in diameter.…”

An injectable thermosensitive hydrogel with a self-assembled peptide coupled with an antimicrobial peptide for enhanced wound healing

“…64,65 This forms a 3D hydrogel, called a “blood-hydrogel”, which is a new way of stopping bleeding using a self-assembling peptide that establishes a nanofiber barrier and forms electrostatic interactions with the surrounding tissue to stop bleeding. 66,67…”