Comparison Between Serum Insulin Levels and Its Resistance With Biochemical, Clinical and Anthropometric Parameters in South Indian Children and Adolescents

Rao, G. Srinivasa Nageswara; Gurumurthy, Prema; Gururajan, Priya; Arumugam, Sarasa Bharati; Kirthivasan, V.; SaiBabu, Ramineni; Cherian, K M

doi:10.1007/s12291-010-0069-z

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Our results are in agreement with Sari et al, [30], who proposed that skin tags are frequently associated with the risk factors for metabolic syndrome (MS) and heart disease. Furthermore, Rao et al, [31] reported a positive correlation between serum insulin and BMI, plasma C-peptide, and plasma leptin, whereas, Shaheen et al, [32] demonstrated a positive correlation between leptin and HOMA-IR in obese patients suggesting that leptin displays an association with obesity and insulin resistance.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Leptin and c-reactive protein are implicated in the pathogenesis of skin tags

Hegazy¹,

El-Ashmawy²

2013

J Diab Res Clin Met

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Background: Skin tags (ST) are the most common benign skin lesions. In obesity, production of inflammatory cytokines by visceral adipose tissue (VAT) macrophages increases significantly. This situation creates a general subclinical inflammatory state that will ultimately lead to altered insulin responsiveness. The aim of the study is to investigate the possible involvement of leptin and some inflammatory markers in the development of skin tags. Patients and Methods: Twenty obese patients seeking advice for their STs, and 10 healthy volunteers serving as controls. Venous blood samples were collected after overnight fast. Laboratory measurements included determination of fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin, insulin, leptin, high sensitive c-reactive protein (hs-CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), cholesterol, and triglycerides (TG). Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. Results: ST patients were insulin-resistant with elevated HOMA-IR. They showed higher levels of plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, hs-CRP and TNF-α than the control group. There was a positive correlation between leptin level and each of plasma TG, cholesterol, and insulin. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between the number of ST and each of hs-CRP, TNF-α, leptin and HOMA-IR. Conclusion:The subclinical higher levels of leptin, hs-CRP and TNF-α in ST patients may be implicated in the development of skin tags. Association between skin tags and insulin resistance is already known, however this article showed that leptin, hs-CRP and TNF-α in ST patients may be implicated in the development of skin tags.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Leptin and c-reactive protein are implicated in the pathogenesis of skin tags

Hegazy¹,

El-Ashmawy²

2013

J Diab Res Clin Met

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“…Atherosclerotic changes begin in the coronary arteries already during childhood. 21 In our study with pubertal obese children and adolescents, the groups did not present significant differences regarding changes in TC, HDL-c, TG, LDL-c, IR, insulin, glucose, ACN, and blood pressure levels. However, Lavrador et al, in their study of obese postpubertal adolescents between 14 and 19 years old, identified that the higher the degree of obesity, the greater the frequency of the changes evaluated, with significant differences for fasting plasma glucose, IR, TG, HDL-c, and blood pressure.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 46%

“…Hyperinsulinism is the main risk factor for the occurrence of DM, HBP, and dyslipidemia. 21,22 Acanthosis nigricans, which is a clinical manifestation of hyperinsulinism, was found in 84% of the subjects studied, of whom 70% had elevated insulin and only 8.1% had abnormal levels of plasma glucose. Only 5.4% of the participants had elevated insulin with no ACN.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptin Levels, Basal Metabolic Rates, and Insulin Resistance in Obese Pubertal Children

Conterato

Machado

Nogueira‐de‐Almeida

et al. 2020

International Journal of Nutrology

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Introduction Obesity in children and adolescents is considered a serious public health problem. The consequences of overweight can last for life. It is extremely important to have formulas to calculate the basal metabolic rate (BMR) that are truly reliable in relation to the individual caloric expenditure. Objectives To investigate the association of serum levels of leptin, lipid profile, and insulin resistance (insuline resistance by Homeostatic Model Assessment [HOMA] index) with the body mass index (BMI) z-score of pubertal obese children. In addition, to compare the basal metabolic rate (BMR) evaluation carried out using bioimpedance (BIA) with the Food and Agricultural Organization/World Health Organization (FAO/WHO) equation. Methods Cross-sectional study including 37 pubertal obese children (aged 7 to 12 years old) seen for the first time in the outpatient care unit specialized in child obesity between June 2013 and April 2014. The participants were assessed regarding anthropometric data, body composition (fat mass) by BIA 310 bioimpedance analyzer (Biodynamic Body Composition Analyser, model 310 - Biodynamics Corporation, Seattle, EUA), and blood pressure. Blood samples were collected to measure glucose, insulin, lipid profile, triglycerides, and leptin. The stage of sexual maturity was determined by self-assessment according to the Tanner scale. Results Higher leptin levels were found in the severe obesity group (p = 0.007) and, as expected, higher BMI (p < 0.001), and fat mass (p = 0.029). The groups did not differ in relation to insulin, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and blood pressure. The BMR measured by bioimpedance was lower as compared to the measure by the FAO/WHO equation (p < 0.001). Conclusions These results suggest that severely obese children may present leptin resistance in this early stage of life, (since this hormone is higher in these children). It is suggested that health professionals prioritize the calculation of BMR by bioimpedance, since the FAO/WHO equation seems to overestimate the caloric values.

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“…This is similar to the finding of another study conducted in 2011. 17 Usually, patients' first consultation for acanthosis nigricans is with a dermatologist. High acanthosis nigricans neck grades (III and IV) and textures (II and III), as well as grade IV of axilla, correlate strongly with IR and can to help identify populations at risk in mass screening programmes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acanthosis nigricans: a flag for insulin resistance

Sandhya

Anandan

2014

Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Afri

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Objectives: Acanthosis nigricans refers to the velvety, black hyperpigmentation seen in the flexures. It is a cutaneous marker for insulin resistance (IR), some metabolic disorders and rarely malignancy. When secondary to IR, it is asymptomatic, except for the hyperpigmentation. The neck is the most accessible and easiest to grade. Our aim was to identify the predictive value of the grades of acanthosis nigricans in identifying IR, the predictive value of the textures of acanthosis nigricans in identifying IR, and the diagnostic utility of acanthosis nigricans grading in comparison to the laboratory tests. Settings and subjects:The institutional ethics committee of Sri Ramachandra University approved this study.Three hundred consecutively presenting adults (50 males) with acanthosis nigricans neck were enrolled.Design: History, physical parameters and acanthosis nigricans grades, location and textures were noted. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), fasting serum insulin and homeostasis model assessment of IR (HOMA IR)were carried out. The acanthosis nigricans grades were correlated to establish any association. Thirty obese controls without acanthosis nigricans were included.Outcome measures: OGTT, fasting serum insulin and HOMA IR were the outcome measures studied. Results:This cross-sectional study revealed that 94 subjects with acanthosis nigricans (31.34%) had IR. Grades III and IV, and textures II and III, were more predictive of IR. Acanthosis nigricans grading was insignificant in the noninsulin-resistant group. Acne (p-value 0.379), hirsutism (p-value 0.12) and acrochordons (p-value 0.415) were not significantly associated with IR.Conclusion: Severe grades and higher textures of acanthosis nigricans are reliable clinical diagnostic tools for IR. The absence of acanthosis nigricans was not associated with IR. Acanthosis nigricans grading is an inexpensive and non-invasive way of identifying pre-diabetes.Peer reviewed.

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Comparison Between Serum Insulin Levels and Its Resistance With Biochemical, Clinical and Anthropometric Parameters in South Indian Children and Adolescents

Cited by 12 publications

References 25 publications

Leptin and c-reactive protein are implicated in the pathogenesis of skin tags

Leptin and c-reactive protein are implicated in the pathogenesis of skin tags

Leptin Levels, Basal Metabolic Rates, and Insulin Resistance in Obese Pubertal Children

Acanthosis nigricans: a flag for insulin resistance

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