Comparison Between the Natural Postnatal Maturation and the Spermine-Induced Maturation of the Rat Intestine

Peulen, Olivier; Pirlet, Christine; Klimek, Monique; Goffinet, Gérhard; Dandrifosse, Guy

doi:10.1076/apab.106.1.46.4392

Cited by 28 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…III), as well as the organ wet weight itself, decreased drastically after spermine ingestion. These decreases support a loss of cells in the intestinal lumen, a phenomenon already proven by histological observations [1][2][3].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

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Short-term effects of spermine ingestion on the small intestine: a comparison of suckling and weaned rats

2004

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-We have previously shown that spermine, shortly after its ingestion, can induce the alteration of the morphology of the small intestine of suckling rats. It was proposed that this alteration is due to polyamine accumulation inside the epithelial cells. This could also be related to the fact that the intestine of the suckling rat is in an immature state. To shed light on this issue, disaccharidase and alkaline phosphatase activity assays, protein, DNA and RNA content measurements and polyamine concentration analysis were performed on the small intestine of suckling and weaned Wistar rats treated with spermine. Spermine did not induce the same intestinal alterations in weaned rats compared to suckling animals. Indeed, in sucklings, spermine administration induced a decrease of the protein, DNA, putrescine and spermidine intestinal content, suggesting a cell loss. The cell loss impaired the activity of intestinal enzymes: lactase, maltase and alkaline phosphatase. In weaned rats, the same treatment did not alter these parameters. Exogenous spermine by itself is not sufficient to induce the alterations described here and previously. The maturity degree of the small intestine could be the basis of this process.spermine / suckling rat / weaned rat / cell loss / maturation / differentiation

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…We have previously shown that exogenous spermine can induce morphological and biochemical modifications in the small intestine of suckling rats [1][2][3]. One of the morphological changes observed is a decrease of the villous height, confirmed by a decrease of specific activities (SA) of disaccharidases as lactase and maltase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Short-term effects of spermine ingestion on the small intestine: a comparison of suckling and weaned rats

2004

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“…In this organ two phases characterize the effect of spermine (Wery et al 1992(Wery et al , 1996aWery & Dandrifosse, 1993;Kaouass et al 1996;Peulen et al 1998b;Dandrifosse et al 1999;; desquamation of the intestinal epithelium is followed by a hormonal cascade.…”

Section: Information From Studies Performed Using Sucking Ratsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bile salts would remain in the lumen of the bowel, speeding up the desquamation of the tips of the villi. Alternatively, spermine and aldehydes derived from polyamines by metabolization would act on the immune system or epithelial cells, where they would induce the secretion of various cytokines such as interleukins 1β and 6 and tumour necrosis factor α (Kaouass et al 1997b;Peulen et al 1998b). This type of secretion has been observed after spermine administration, and could cause, for example, the production of NO and the oedema noted at the tips of the villi (O Peulen and G Dandrifosse, unpublished results), a phenomenon eventually reinforced by an inhibition of ATPase activities by spermine.…”

Section: Information From Studies Performed Using Sucking Ratsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are milk polyamines preventive agents against food allergy?

et al. 2000

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Insufficient polyamine intake could play a role in the induction of sensitization to dietary allergens. This proposal is based essentially on investigations made in sucking rats and in children. In sucking rats it has been established that oral administration of spermine can induce all the modifications occurring in the digestive tract at weaning. In the intestine events occur in two phases. The early event consists of desquamation of the epithelium resulting from an activation of apoptosis. The late event appears to involve an hormonal cascade in which adrenocorticotropic hormone, cytokines, bombesin and corticosterone are included. Observations in human subjects show that: (1) the spermine and spermidine concentrations are generally lower in infant formulas than in human breast milk. Mothers seem consistently to have relatively high or relatively low concentrations of spermine and spermidine in their milk. These individual variations may be due to diet, lifestyle or genetic background; (2) the probability of developing allergy can reach 80 % if the mean spermine concentration in the milk is lower than 2 nmol/ml milk. It is approximately 0 % if the mean spermine concentration is higher than 13 nmol/ml milk; (3) preliminary results show that the intestinal permeability to macromolecules differs in premature babies when they are fed on breast milk compared with infant formulas (J Senterre, J Rigo, G Forget, G Dandrifosse and N Romain, unpublished results). This difference does not seem to be present when powdered milk is supplemented with polyamines at the concentration found in breast milk; (4) spermine increases proliferation and differentiation of lymphocytes isolated from the tonsils of children.

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“…In the first experiment, the suckling rats were treated once a day for 4 d, starting at 10 d of age, with similar amounts of the different polyamines or ornithine (10 mol per rat), these quantities being close to those used in other studies (24,26,28,37). Under these conditions, the putrescine, spermidine, and spermine amounts ingested daily by the 14-d-old rats were respectively 2-, 6-, and 30-fold those ingested by 28-d-old rats fed on Ico.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Polyamine Participation in the Maturation of Glycoprotein Fucosylation, but not Sialylation, in Rat Small Intestine

Biol-N’garagba

2002

Pediatric Research

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The aim of this study was to determine the role of polyamines in the diet-related maturation of the intestinal glycoprotein glycosylation during postnatal development in the rat. The activity of ␣-2,6-sialyltransferase and the sialylated forms of glycoproteins in the intestinal brush-border membranes were found to decrease considerably after weaning, in parallel with the intestinal level of putrescine. By contrast, the activity of ␣-1,2-fucosyltransferases, the mRNA levels for two ␣-1,2-fucosyltransferase genes, FTA and FTB, and the fucosylated forms of glycoproteins all increased after weaning, in parallel with the levels of spermidine and spermine. These results suggest a possible role of polyamines in the evolution of glycosylation. The treatment of suckling rats with spermidine or spermine reproduced the high intestinal levels of these polyamines corresponding to those normally found after weaning. After these treatments, a rise in the activity of the ␣-1,2-fucosyltransferase was observed, associated with a fall in ␣-L-fucosidase activity. The ␣-1,2-fucosyltransferase FTB gene was found to be regulated at the transcriptional level, but not by its inhibitor, fuctinin. The result of these variations was the precocious appearance of several ␣-1,2-fucoproteins, which are normally found in brushborder membranes after weaning. The treatment of suckling rats with putrescine, which induced only a transitory rise in intestinal putrescine, had a similar but weaker effect on the fucosylation process than spermidine or spermine, and treatment with ornithine was ineffective. ␣-2,6-Sialylation was not affected by any of the treatments. Spermidine and spermine turned out to be more effective than putrescine for intestinal glycoprotein fucosylation, but did not affect their sialylation. Spermidine and spermine, whose intestinal levels where found to increase at weaning time, may have been partly responsible for the natural evolution of the intestinal glycoprotein fucosylation that occurred during this period. The rat small intestine is immature until the end of the third week of life, when the weaning period begins. Intestinal maturation is associated with morphologic changes, an increase in mucus production, immunologic adaptation to new microbial and nutritional antigenic contents (1), and digestive adaptation to new nutriments (2).Two types of glycoproteins play important functional roles in the small intestine. Mucins (secreted by the goblet cells) are different in composition between neonatal and mature rats, especially as regards their glycan chains (3). In the neonate, these changes may affect the permeability (4) and the barrier function of the intestine, and consequently may favor infections (5) and food allergies (6). At the apical enterocyte level, in the brush-border membranes, most of the digestive enzymes (lactase, sucrase, maltase, aminopeptidase, alkaline phosphatase) are glycoproteins whose activity changes a great deal at weaning time to enable the animal to cope with the adult solid diet (2). A shift from...

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Comparison Between the Natural Postnatal Maturation and the Spermine-Induced Maturation of the Rat Intestine

Cited by 28 publications

References 12 publications

Short-term effects of spermine ingestion on the small intestine: a comparison of suckling and weaned rats

Short-term effects of spermine ingestion on the small intestine: a comparison of suckling and weaned rats

Are milk polyamines preventive agents against food allergy?

Polyamine Participation in the Maturation of Glycoprotein Fucosylation, but not Sialylation, in Rat Small Intestine

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