Comparison between three‐dimensional placental volume at 12 weeks and uterine artery impedance/notching at 22 weeks in screening for pregnancy‐induced hypertension, pre‐eclampsia and fetal growth restriction in a low‐risk population

Abstract

Objectives To compare the value of three-dimensional placental volume at 12 weeks and uterine artery Doppler at 22 weeks for predicting pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), pre-eclampsia and fetal growth restriction in a low-risk population. Methods

Placental volume and three‐dimensional power Doppler analysis in prediction of pre‐eclampsia and small for gestational age between Week 11 and 13 weeks and 6 days of gestation

“…In our study, placental volume alone was not a predictor of pre-eclampsia, in contrast to other studies (Hafner et al, 2006;Rizzo et al, 2008). In all our cases PIH was mild and developed at 34 weeks or more, whereas in Hafner et al (2006) and Rizzo et al (2008) there were some cases of severe pre-eclampsia developing before 32 weeks of gestation; in those patients the placental volume was remarkably smaller. Hence, that subgroup of patients with severe pre-eclampsia, which we did not encounter in our study, could explain the disparate findings.…”

“…There were no statistically significant differences between the groups with regard to age, gestational age at the examination or delivery, number of the pregnancy or the nuchal translucency measurement. The placental volume was similar between the groups The placental quotient (PQ = placental volume/CRL) was also calculated as suggested by Hafner et al (2001Hafner et al ( , 2006 and was not found to be significantly different between the groups.…”

“…Early placental volume measurement was proposed as a predictor of growth-restricted fetuses or pre-eclampsia, either alone or in combination with uterine artery Doppler (Hafner et al, 1998(Hafner et al, , 2006Suchter et al, 2001;Rizzo et al, 2008) or biochemical placental markers to predict chromosomal anomalies (Metzenbauer et al, , 2002. Hoogland et al (1980) reported that pregnancies with a small placental area at 150 days of gestation are more likely to deliver small for gestational age (SGA) babies.…”

“…Placental volume measured at 20 or 25 weeks using two-dimensional ultrasound also predicted abnormal outcome with high sensitivity and specificity (Wolf et al, 1989). Placental volume was found to be smaller in pregnancies with high pulsatility index (PI) in the uterine artery as well as in women developing pre-eclampsia (Hafner et al, 2006;Rizza et al, 2008), but it was not a good predictor of SGA fetuses (Hafner et al, 1998). Placental volume measurement (Deurloo et al, 2007;Burstein et al, 2009) and 3D-PD indices of the placenta were found reproducible either in the whole volume of the placenta (Bujold et al, 2009;Huster et al, 2010) or by placenta vascular sonobiopsy (Merce et al, 2004(Merce et al, , 2005Tuuli et al, 2010).…”

Placental Volumetry by 2-D Sonography with a New Mathematical Formula: Prospective Study on the Shell of a Spherical Sector Model

“…Importantly, an increasing amount of evidence demonstrates that the neonatal birthweight can be predicted significantly by placental volumetry during early to midpregnancy (Derwig et al 2013) using three dimensional (3-D) sonography (Collins et al 2013;Gassner et al 2003;Metzenbauer et al 2002;Odibo et al 2011;Plasencia et al 2011;Plasencia et al 2012;Rizzo et al 2012). Placental volume deviation might predict chromosomal abnormalities (Gassner et al 2003;Metzenbauer et al 2002), growth retardation (Collins et al 2013;Hafner et al 1998;Hafner et al 2006), late-onset pre-eclampsia (Hafner et al 2006) and other complications during pregnancy (Collins et al 2013;Hafner et al 2006;Odibo et al 2011;Plasencia et al 2011, Plasencia et al 2012Rizzo et al 2012;Salafia et al 2006). …”