Comparison between two autorefractor performances in large scale vision screening in Chinese school age children

Wang, Di; Jin, Nan; Pei, Ruxia; Zhao, Linsheng; Du, Bei; Liu, Guihua; Wang, Xilian; Wei, Ruihua; Li, Xiaorong

doi:10.18240/ijo.2020.10.22

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…However, J45 had significantly lower correlation and coincidence values, indicating a higher correlation and coincidence among the three different examination methods for spherical with the rule/against the rule astigmatism data, but poor correlation and coincidence for oblique astigmatism data, which were generally consistent with results reported by Kuo et al (11). Previous studies have demonstrated that both WAM and TOPCON can be applied to visual acuity screening in a large Chinese population, with WAM performing better in school-aged children (7). Tsuneyoshi et al (19) showed that WAM improved instrumental myopic shift more significantly than conventional autorefractors, with a SE difference of 0.51±0.33 D. However, this difference decreased with age, which was similarly reported by Gwiazda et al (21).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Previous reports have compared binocular open field autorefractors and conventional autorefractors in patients with and without cycloplegia (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9), binocular open field autorefractors and subjective refraction (1,2,10), or binocular open field autorefractors and retinoscopy (3,11), as well as comparisons of the results before and after cycloplegia with binocular open field autorefractors (12,13). However, there is a paucity of data comparing binocular open field autorefractor, conventional refractors and subjective refration before and after cycloplegia using Fourier decomposition of the power profile (14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical evaluation of autorefraction and subjective refraction with and without cycloplegia in Chinese school-aged children: a cross-sectional study

Guo

et al. 2022

Transl Pediatr

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Background:The accuracy of open-field autorefractors is important for vision screening, clinical care, and vision research, especially in patients with childhood myopia. TOPCON KR3000 autorefractor was conventional autorefractor and subjective refraction after cycloplegia was gold criteria for assessing the refraction. Results of refractive error in Chinese school-aged children obtained by three methods were evaluated and compared.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 89 patients (with a total of 177 eyes) diagnosed as refractive error in the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine from July 2020 to September 2020 were sequentially enrolled in this study. All subjects underwent routine ophthalmic examination to exclude other ocular diseases and had a best corrected visual acuity no less than 0.1 The spherical diopter (SD), spherical equivalence (SE), and astigmatism (J0 and J45) were determined in patients before cycloplegia using two autorefractors, and again after cycloplegia. Subjective refraction results were obtained simultaneously after cycloplegia as gold criteria for comparison. A comparison of data between three methods was performed using paired t-tests and presented graphically using Bland-Altman plots.Results: Before cycloplegia, the SD and SE results from WAM were 0.14 D and 0.12 D more positive than the reading from TOPCON (P=0.011 and P=0.021, respectively). The SD measured by WAM and TOPCON was 0.31 D and 0.45 D more negative than the values obtained by subjective refraction after cycloplegia, respectively (P<0.001 and P<0.001, respectively). The SE readings also showed a similar trend (P<0.001, P<0.001). After cycloplegia, the SD and SE measurement obtained with WAM were 0.13 D and 0.12 D more positive than those measured by TOPCON (P<0.001 and P<0.001, respectively), and this was not significantly different to the results obtained using subjective refraction. However, the results of SD, SE, and J0 measured by the TOPCON were significantly different from the results obtained using subjective refraction (P<0.001, P<0.001, and P=0.002, respectively). Conclusions:In clinical application, the measurements obtained with the WAM-5500 autorefractor were more reliable than those of the TOPCON KR3000 autorefractor in patients with or without cycloplegia. The WAM-5500 Autorefractor represents a reliable and valid objective refraction tool for optometric practice.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical evaluation of autorefraction and subjective refraction with and without cycloplegia in Chinese school-aged children: a cross-sectional study

Guo

et al. 2022

Transl Pediatr

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“…The results of the ETDRS array were confirmed in a Topcon KR-800 autokeratorefractometer test (Topcon Co. Tokyo, Japan). It is recognized as a rapid and accurate option for ocular screening [25]. According to the latest recommendations (2019), myopic individuals were defined as those with a refractive error ≤−0.50 diopters (D); these were subjects with low myopia [26].…”

Section: Ophthalmic Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Visual Input on Electromyographic Patterns of Masticatory and Cervical Spine Muscles in Subjects with Myopia

Zieliński

Matysik-Woźniak

Rapa

et al. 2021

JCM

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This study aimed to analyze the change of visual input on electromyographic patterns of masticatory and cervical spine muscles in subjects with myopia. After applying the inclusion criteria, 50 subjects (18 males and 32 females) with myopia ranging from −0.5 to −5.75 Diopters (D), were included in the study. Four muscle pairs were analyzed: the anterior part of the temporalis muscle (TA), the superficial part of the masseter muscle (MM), the anterior belly of the digastric muscle (DA), and the middle part of the sternocleidomastoid muscle belly (SCM) during resting and functional activity. Statistical analysis showed a significant decrease within functional indices (FCI) for the sternocleidomastoid muscle (FCI SCM R, FCI SCM L, FCI SCM total) during clenching in the intercuspal position with eyes closed compared to eyes open. During maximum mouth opening, a statistically significant increase of functional opening index for the left temporalis muscle (FOI TA L) was observed. Within the activity index (AcI), there was a statistically significant decrease during clenching on dental cotton rollers with eyes closed compared to eyes open.

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“…16 The dry Grand Seiko was slightly better than the dry Topcon KR800 at detecting cycloplegic refractive error in 886 Chinese school children. 17 The dry Retinomax did a reasonable job compared to table-top Nikon NRK 8000 autorefractor in children mean age 97 months. 18 Dry Retinomax retinoscopy in 1218 children was more reliable for astigmatism than for anisometropia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Ellipsoid Spectacle Comparison of Plusoptix, Retinomax and 2WIN Autorefractors

Arnold¹,

Martin²,

Beveridge³

et al. 2021

OPTH

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Background: Handheld devices can automatically give an estimate of refraction. The established method for refraction comparison using spherical equivalent (M) and J0, J45 vector transformations by Bland-Altman analysis is too complex for non-eye doctors involved with vision screening and remote vision clinics. Therefore, a simpler comparison technique was developed. Methods: Based on the spectacle limit to resolve grade A 1 logMAR, B 3 logMAR and C 6 logMAR blur, J0, J45, and M are combined into the Alaska Blind Child Discovery (ABCD) composite ellipsoid GRADE system. Pediatric eye patients had confirmatory examination after dry refraction with three portable autorefractors: Plusoptix, 2WIN and Retinomax. The refractions were then compared using both Bland-Altman and ABCD composite. Performance to detect AAPOS amblyopia risk factors was also assessed. Results: A total of 202 children, mean age seven years, 28% high spectacle need and 43% AAPOS 2013 amblyopia risk factors showed high correlation with cycloplegic refraction (intraclass correlation 0.49 to 0.90) for sphere, J0 and J45 spectacle components. Plusoptix had more (10%) inconclusives due to patients out-of-range. The Retinomax was unable to screen some younger children and was less reliable for sphere but gave more precise astigmatism estimates. The proportion of autorefractions expected to give GRADE A/B highneed patients acuity improvement to 20/40 would be 41% for Plusoptix, 39% for 2WIN and 65% for Retinomax. Sensitivity/specificity for amblyopia risk factor detection was 80%/83% for Plusoptix, 72%/88% for 2WIN and 84%/73% for Retinomax. Conclusion:The simplified spectacle comparison resembled Bland-Altman and could assist lay vision screeners and non-eye doctors attempting remote spectacle donation worldwide.

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Comparison between two autorefractor performances in large scale vision screening in Chinese school age children

Cited by 12 publications

References 47 publications

Clinical evaluation of autorefraction and subjective refraction with and without cycloplegia in Chinese school-aged children: a cross-sectional study

Clinical evaluation of autorefraction and subjective refraction with and without cycloplegia in Chinese school-aged children: a cross-sectional study

The Influence of Visual Input on Electromyographic Patterns of Masticatory and Cervical Spine Muscles in Subjects with Myopia

Ellipsoid Spectacle Comparison of Plusoptix, Retinomax and 2WIN Autorefractors

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