Comparison of 16S rRNA gene PCR and blood culture for diagnosis of neonatal sepsis

Liu, C.L.; Ai, Hongwu; Wang, W.P.; Chen, L.; Hu, Hao; Ye, T.; Zhu, Xiaolong; Wang, F.; Liao, Yu-Chi; Wang, Y.; Ou, Guangli; Xu, Liyun; Sun, Meng; Chen, Jian; Chen, Z.J.; Li, L.; Zhang, B.; Tian, Lanlan; Wang, B.; Shi, Yan; Sun, Z.

doi:10.1016/j.arcped.2013.11.015

Cited by 43 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Domingue et al ., ; Domingue, , ; Domingue & Woody, ; Ewald, ; Green, Heidger Jr & Domingue, , b ; Mattman, ; Potgieter et al ., ) and molecular sequence‐based methods (Amar et al ., ; Cherkaoui et al ., ; Fernández‐Cruz et al ., ; Gaibani et al ., ; Grif et al ., , b ; C.L. Liu et al ., ; Moriyama et al ., ; NIH HMP Working Group et al ., ; Nikkari et al ., ; Sakka et al ., ; Sato et al ., ; Valencia‐Shelton & Loeffelholz, ; Woyke, Doud & Schulz, ) are by far the most common.…”

Section: Step –1: a Dormant Blood And Tissue Microbiomementioning

confidence: 98%

No effects without causes: the Iron Dysregulation and Dormant Microbes hypothesis for chronic, inflammatory diseases

Kell

2018

Biological Reviews

108

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Since the successful conquest of many acute, communicable (infectious) diseases through the use of vaccines and antibiotics, the currently most prevalent diseases are chronic and progressive in nature, and are all accompanied by inflammation. These diseases include neurodegenerative (e.g. Alzheimer's, Parkinson's), vascular (e.g. atherosclerosis, pre‐eclampsia, type 2 diabetes) and autoimmune (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis) diseases that may appear to have little in common. In fact they all share significant features, in particular chronic inflammation and its attendant inflammatory cytokines. Such effects do not happen without underlying and initially ‘external’ causes, and it is of interest to seek these causes. Taking a systems approach, we argue that these causes include (i) stress‐induced iron dysregulation, and (ii) its ability to awaken dormant, non‐replicating microbes with which the host has become infected. Other external causes may be dietary. Such microbes are capable of shedding small, but functionally significant amounts of highly inflammagenic molecules such as lipopolysaccharide and lipoteichoic acid. Sequelae include significant coagulopathies, not least the recently discovered amyloidogenic clotting of blood, leading to cell death and the release of further inflammagens. The extensive evidence discussed here implies, as was found with ulcers, that almost all chronic, infectious diseases do in fact harbour a microbial component. What differs is simply the microbes and the anatomical location from and at which they exert damage. This analysis offers novel avenues for diagnosis and treatment.

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Section: Step –1: a Dormant Blood And Tissue Microbiomementioning

confidence: 98%

No effects without causes: the Iron Dysregulation and Dormant Microbes hypothesis for chronic, inflammatory diseases

Kell

2018

Biological Reviews

108

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“…51 Further testing is needed before PCR can be used routinely in the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. 52 …”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Meningitis in Infants

Boggess

Cohen‐Wolkowiez

2015

Clinics in Perinatology

216

267

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SYNOPSIS Neonatal bacterial meningitis is an uncommon but devastating infection. Although the incidence and mortality have declined over the last several decades, morbidity among survivors remains high. The types and distribution of causative pathogens are related to birth gestational age, postnatal age, and geographic region. Confirming the diagnosis of meningitis can be difficult. Clinical signs are often subtle, and the lumbar puncture is frequently deferred in clinically unstable infants. When obtained, confirmatory testing with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture is often compromised by antepartum or postnatal antibiotic exposure. While blood cultures and CSF parameters may be helpful in cases where the diagnosis is uncertain, bacterial meningitis occurs in infants without bacteremia and with normal CSF parameters. Newer tests such as the polymerase chain reaction are promising but require further study. Prompt treatment with appropriate antibiotics is essential to optimize outcomes. Successful efforts to prevent meningitis in infants have included the use of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis against Group B Streptococcus (GBS). Clinical trials investigating the use of a GBS vaccine for the prevention of neonatal GBS disease are ongoing.

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“…The amplification of 16S rRNA gene with PCR had 100.0% sensitivity, 95.4% specificity, 77.2% PPV, and 100.0% NPV as compared to blood culture. 56 A recent comparative study highlighted that the 16S rDNA PCR assay was more sensitive than blood culture in diagnosis of EOS; the combination of high sensitivity-CRP, PCT, and IL-6 was better than single markers, and among them PCT had the greater diagnostic value. 57 As regards instrumental evaluation, echocardiography and ultrasound assessments of peripheral vessels 58 are not really of help to physicians in early detection of EOS or LOS onset.…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Early and Late Infections in Newborns: Where Do We Stand? A Review

Cortese

Scicchitano

Gesualdo

et al. 2016

Pediatrics & Neonatology

236

165

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Neonatal sepsis still represents an important cause of mortality and morbidity among infants. According to the onset, we can distinguish "early onset sepsis" when microbiological cultures positive for external pathogens come from newborns during the first 7 days of life (maternal intrapartum transmission); "late onset sepsis" when microbiological cultures positive for external pathogens come from newborns after the first 7 days from delivery (postnatal acquisition). In this review we synthesize the incidence, risk factors, clinical manifestations, and methods of diagnosis and treatment of each type of neonatal infection, in order to better define such a pathological condition which is of great importance in common clinical practice.

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Comparison of 16S rRNA gene PCR and blood culture for diagnosis of neonatal sepsis

Cited by 43 publications

References 21 publications

No effects without causes: the Iron Dysregulation and Dormant Microbes hypothesis for chronic, inflammatory diseases

No effects without causes: the Iron Dysregulation and Dormant Microbes hypothesis for chronic, inflammatory diseases

Bacterial Meningitis in Infants

Early and Late Infections in Newborns: Where Do We Stand? A Review

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