Comparison of 3D turbulence measurements using three staring wind lidars and a sonic anemometer

Mann, Jakob; Cariou, Jean-Pierre; Courtney, Michael; Parmentier, R.; Mikkelsen, Torben; Wagner, Rozenn; Lindelöw, Per Jonas Petter; Sjöholm, Mikael; Enevoldsen, Karen

doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1/1/012012

Cited by 43 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…2, and can be explained using the structure function (D r ) defined as for a given time lag (τ ) and used to represent the energy of eddies of sizes that are smaller than the scale U 1 τ (Pope, 2000). Volumetric averaging only attenuates the energy of eddies of small sizes (Mann et al, 2008). When τ is small relative to the integral timescale τ 0 , volumetric averaging causes D r (τ ) to decrease; hence, R R decreases more slowly than R r with respect to τ per Eq.…”

Section: Errors In Radial Velocity Variancementioning

confidence: 98%

“…For more details see Mann et al (2008) and Sathe and Mann (2012). Symbols introduced hereafter are explained in the nomenclature in Appendix B.…”

Section: Preliminariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The covariance of v r (R r ) and v R (R R ) along the x 1 direction is defined as follows (Mann et al, 2008):…”

Section: Preliminariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the averaging given in Eq. (4), R R (0) < R r (0) and the ratio R R (0)/R r (0) decreases when the size of volumetric averaging increases (i.e., σ Q /L 1 increases, where L 1 is the integral length scale of u 1 ) (Mann et al, 2008). However, R R (r 1 ) = R r (r 1 ) when r 1 is sufficiently large (e.g., r 1 L 1 ) because values of R r (r 1 ) with large r 1 are determined by eddies of large sizes that are not affected by the averaging.…”

Section: Preliminariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Errors in radial velocity variance from Doppler wind lidar

et al. 2016

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Abstract. A high-fidelity lidar turbulence measurement technique relies on accurate estimates of radial velocity variance that are subject to both systematic and random errors determined by the autocorrelation function of radial velocity, the sampling rate, and the sampling duration. Using both statistically simulated and observed data, this paper quantifies the effect of the volumetric averaging in lidar radial velocity measurements on the autocorrelation function and the dependence of the systematic and random errors on the sampling duration. For current-generation scanning lidars and sampling durations of about 30 min and longer, during which the stationarity assumption is valid for atmospheric flows, the systematic error is negligible but the random error exceeds about 10 %.

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Section: Errors In Radial Velocity Variancementioning

confidence: 98%

“…For more details see Mann et al (2008) and Sathe and Mann (2012). Symbols introduced hereafter are explained in the nomenclature in Appendix B.…”

Section: Preliminariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The covariance of v r (R r ) and v R (R R ) along the x 1 direction is defined as follows (Mann et al, 2008):…”

Section: Preliminariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Preliminariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Errors in radial velocity variance from Doppler wind lidar

et al. 2016

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“…6.3.2 for details). The feasibility of performing three-dimensional turbulence measurements with lidars was demonstrated by Mann et al (2009), who crossed the beams of three pulsed lidars close to a sonic anemometer at 78 m and found attenuation of the variance of the lidar velocity due to spatial filtering.…”

Section: Remote Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ten Years of Boundary-Layer and Wind-Power Meteorology at Høvsøre, Denmark

Peña

Floors

Sathe

et al. 2015

Boundary-Layer Meteorol

101

103

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Operational since 2004, the National Centre for Wind Turbines at Høvsøre, Denmark has become a reference research site for wind-power meteorology. In this study, we review the site, its instrumentation, observations, and main research programs. The programs comprise activities on, inter alia, remote sensing, where measurements from lidars have been compared extensively with those from traditional instrumentation on masts. In addition, with regard to wind-power meteorology, wind-resource methodologies for wind climate extrapolation have been evaluated and improved. Further, special attention has been given to research on boundary-layer flow, where parametrizations of the length scale and wind profile have been developed and evaluated. Atmospheric turbulence studies are continuously conducted at Høvsøre, where spectral tensor models have been evaluated and extended to account for atmospheric stability, and experiments using microscale and mesoscale numerical modelling.

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Review of wave‐turbulence interactions in the stable atmospheric boundary layer

Sun

Nappo²,

Mahrt

et al. 2015

Reviews of Geophysics

136

124

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Flow in a stably stratified environment is characterized by anisotropic and intermittent turbulence and wavelike motions of varying amplitudes and periods. Understanding turbulence intermittency and wave-turbulence interactions in a stably stratified flow remains a challenging issue in geosciences including planetary atmospheres and oceans. The stable atmospheric boundary layer (SABL) commonly occurs when the ground surface is cooled by longwave radiation emission such as at night over land surfaces, or even daytime over snow and ice surfaces, and when warm air is advected over cold surfaces. Intermittent turbulence intensification in the SABL impacts human activities and weather variability, yet it cannot be generated in state-of-the-art numerical forecast models. This failure is mainly due to a lack of understanding of the physical mechanisms for seemingly random turbulence generation in a stably stratified flow, in which wave-turbulence interaction is a potential mechanism for turbulence intermittency. A workshop on wave-turbulence interactions in the SABL addressed the current understanding and challenges of wave-turbulence interactions and the role of wavelike motions in contributing to anisotropic and intermittent turbulence from the perspectives of theory, observations, and numerical parameterization. There have been a number of reviews on waves, and a few on turbulence in stably stratified flows, but not much on wave-turbulence interactions. This review focuses on the nocturnal SABL; however, the discussions here on intermittent turbulence and wave-turbulence interactions in stably stratified flows underscore important issues in stably stratified geophysical dynamics in general.

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Comparison of 3D turbulence measurements using three staring wind lidars and a sonic anemometer

Cited by 43 publications

References 4 publications

Errors in radial velocity variance from Doppler wind lidar

Errors in radial velocity variance from Doppler wind lidar

Ten Years of Boundary-Layer and Wind-Power Meteorology at Høvsøre, Denmark

Review of wave‐turbulence interactions in the stable atmospheric boundary layer

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