Comparison of a pilot scale gasification installation performance when air or oxygen is used as gasification medium 1. Tars and gaseous hydrocarbons formation

Pinto, Filomena; André, Rui Neto; Franco, Caroline; Carolino, Carlos; Costa, Ricardo O.R.; Miranda, Miguel; Gulyurtlu, I.

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2010.12.019

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…While all studies have measured the permanent gas composition of the syngas, data related to char, tar, and water content, sulfur species, and especially nitrogen compounds are sparser. ***Table 1 Citations Placeholder [5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12]*** In order to study steam/oxygen blown gasification relevant to bioenergy applications, a 25 kg/h gasification reactor and downstream syngas cleaning equipment was constructed at Iowa State University. The effect of equivalence ratio (ER) on syngas composition and quality was determined, and the performance of a new syngas cleanup system was tested.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steam/oxygen gasification system for the production of clean syngas from switchgrass

Broer

Woolcock

Johnston

et al. 2015

Fuel

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A pilot-scale 25 kg/h fluidized bed, oxygen/steam blown gasifier and syngas cleaning system was developed to convert switchgrass into clean syngas. The system is rated for operation at gage pressures up to 1 bar. The reactor vessel incorporated a novel guard heating system to simulate near-adiabatic operation of large commercial-scale gasifiers, and was effective for gasification temperatures up to 900°C. After removing particulate from the gas stream via cyclones, a warm-gas cleaning operation based on oil scrubbing was used to remove tars. Sulfur compounds were removed via solid-phase adsorption. Ammonia was removed by water scrubbing. Baseline gasification tests with steam and oxygen were conducted at equivalence ratios (ER) between 0.21 and 0.38 using switchgrass as fuel. Measurements on the raw and cleaned syngas included permanent gas composition, C 2 hydrocarbons, water, heavy and light tars, gasification residues (char and ash), hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), carbonyl sulfide (COS), carbon disulfide (CS 2 ), ammonia (NH 3 ), and the first reported measurements of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) for oxygen/steam blown gasification. Heavy tars were removed with high efficiency by the method employed, although more difficult to remove light tars reduced overall tar removal efficiency to less than 80%. The sulfur scrubbing system demonstrated 99.9% removal efficiency, resulting in less than 200 ppb of H 2 S in the cleaned gas. The NH 3 scrubbing system also accomplished greater than 99.9% removal efficiency, resulting in final NH 3 concentrations of less than 1 ppm.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steam/oxygen gasification system for the production of clean syngas from switchgrass

Broer

Woolcock

Johnston

et al. 2015

Fuel

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“…Many researchers have investigated the effect of operating conditions, namely Watson et al [5] that reviewed the effect of gasification parameters and gasifier types. High temperature favors gasification process and thus carbon conversion increases, while tar content in syngas decreases, enriching H 2 and CO contents in syngas [6]. However, ash melting point limits gasification temperature.…”

Section: Feedstock Composition and Gasification Operating Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of Gasification and Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) for Combined Heat and Power (CHP)

et al. 2021

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This paper reviews the most recent information about the main operations to produce energy from carbonaceous materials, namely biomass and wastes through the integration of gasification, syngas cleaning and solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), which have shown to be a good option for combined heat and power (CHP) production, due to high efficiency and low environmental impact. However, some challenges still need to be overcome, mainly when mixed feedstocks with high contents of hazardous contaminants are used, thus syngas cleaning and conditioning is of major importance. Another drawback is SOFC operation, hence new materials especially for the anode has been proposed and tested. An overall process to produce CHP by gasification integration with SOFC is proposed.

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“…6 The addition of pure steam as gasification agent in biomass gasification process makes it possible to obtain high-grade and relatively higher H 2 content product gas. 6,9 It also has other advantages in comparison with air or air-steam gasification such as: [10][11][12][13][14][15] (1) producing a gas with higher heating value, 10,12 (2) reducing the dilution influence of N 2 from air, 11,13 and (3) eliminating the need for an expensive oxygen plant when oxygen is used as gasification agent. [13][14][15] The disadvantage for practical use of this gasification agent is that the gasification process becomes allothermal, 16 so the heat for the endothermic gasification reactions has to be provided externally.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy and exergy analysis of gas production from biomass intermittent gasification

Chen

Wang

2013

Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy

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In this paper, thermochemical biomass intermittent gasification was performed in a fluidized-bed reactor with pure steam as gasification agent. A single fluidized bed two-stage gasification process, also known as intermittent gasification process, which involves the time segregated hybridization of coal-combustion and steam biomass-gasification stages in the same vessel, was employed. This research aims to explore the influences of gasification temperature (T) and steam-biomass ratio (S/B) on composition, energy and exergy distribution, as well as energy and exergy conversion efficiencies of the product gas (biomass-gas). Over the ranges of the test conditions used, the total concentration of H 2 and CO in the biomass-gas varies between 57.9% and 80.8%, and the exergy and energy efficiencies of the biomass-gas are in the ranges of 54.61%-35.52% and 82.91%-60.78%, respectively. The results show that the chemical exergy values of the biomass-gas are 13.50 to 17.71 times as the corresponding physical exergy values, whereas the chemical energy values are 6.91 to 9.45 times as the corresponding physical energy values. The total energy values of the biomass-gas are higher than the corresponding exergy values, this result in higher energy efficiencies of the biomass-gas. Higher temperature contributes to higher CO and H 2 content, physical and chemical energy values, physical and chemical exergy values, as well as energy and exergy efficiencies of the biomass-gas. The steam to biomass ratio is optimal in the intermediate levels for maximal energy and exergy efficiencies of the biomass-gas. V C 2013 AIP Publishing LLC. [http://dx.

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Comparison of a pilot scale gasification installation performance when air or oxygen is used as gasification medium 1. Tars and gaseous hydrocarbons formation

Cited by 19 publications

References 20 publications

Steam/oxygen gasification system for the production of clean syngas from switchgrass

Steam/oxygen gasification system for the production of clean syngas from switchgrass

Integration of Gasification and Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) for Combined Heat and Power (CHP)

Energy and exergy analysis of gas production from biomass intermittent gasification

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