Comparison of activation energies for the electrical conductivity of silicate glasses obtained by dc and ac techniques

Abstract

The electrical conductivity of glasses with composition (mol%) 22Na 2 O•8CaO•65SiO 2 •5MO 2 (M = Si, Ti, Ge, Zr, Sn, Ce) was evaluated by two different experimental methods: low-voltage ac impedance and high-voltage dc resistivity. The ac measurements were carried out by the traditional impedance spectroscopy between 90 and 415°C. In the dc method, a steady-state electric field of about 1 MV/m was applied during 5 s at temperatures between 100 and 210°C, and the onset current, I o , was measured. Activation energies between 0.71 and 0.81 eV were obtained. The differences between the values obtained by the dc and the ac methods are within experimental errors. The high electric field does not influence the concentration nor the mobility of the charge carriers for these experimental conditions and glass compositions. The dc method applied showed to be a suitable alternative to determine the temperature dependence of the electric conductivity of glasses to further calculation of the activation energy.

Giant Enhancement of Optical Second Harmonic in Poled Glasses by Cold Repoling

“…The possibility of entering an additional electric charge into glass during cold repoling (case 1) can be excluded from consideration. This is because the room temperature of cold repoling is insufficient to activate any ionic motion in glass (the activation energy for Na + is ∼1 eV and higher for other ions that may be involved).…”

Ion migration study in acid‐leached soda–lime–silica glass by thermally stimulated depolarization current analysis

“…Both samples demonstrate a single semicircle in the high‐frequency region and an arc of a circle in the low‐frequency region. The high‐frequency semicircle is associated with the relaxation of Na + –NBO in the glass bulk, and the increase in impedance at low frequencies is attributed to surface space charge or also known as interfacial polarization 45,46 . The complex impedance was fitted with the equivalent circuit illustrated in Figure 3b.…”

“…Figure 3a shows the EIS measurements for pristine SLS and 5ALSLS samples at 250 • C and an applied AC Na + -NBO in the glass bulk, and the increase in impedance at low frequencies is attributed to surface space charge or also known as interfacial polarization. 45,46 The complex impedance was fitted with the equivalent circuit illustrated in Figure 3b. A series of constant phase elements (CPE), a nonideal capacitor with an α-factor (α < 1; α = 1 for an ideal capacitor), each in parallel with a resistance (R), were implemented to fit the experimental data.…”

Dielectric Properties of Barium Crystal Glass

“…Many various glassforming systems were studied using EIS. These include, for example, soda-lime glass [12,13], silicate glasses [14,15], TeO 2 based glasses [16], borate glasses [17], Li 2 O-B 2 O 3 -Dy 2 O 3 glasses [18], MoO 3 -Fe 2 O 3 -P 2 O 5 ; SrO-Fe 2 O 3 -P 2 O 5 glasses [19], lithium-indium-phosphate glasses [20], lithium borosilicate glasses [21], magnesium-telluride glasses [22], TeO 2 -LiO 0,5 -LiX (X = F, Cl) glassy system [23], SiO 2 -Li 2 O:Nd 2 O 3 glasses [24], iron oxide doped Na 2 O-CaO-SiO 2 glasses [25], barium aluminoborate glasses [26], silicate-phosphate glasses [27], vanadium-telluride glasses with low and high content of Ag 2 O and AgI [28], Ag 2 O-B 2 O 3 -P 2 O 5 -TeO 2 glasses [29], CaBi 2 O 7 glass [30], and silica-titania glasses [31]. The EIS analysis of Bi 4 TiO 3 O 12 glass [32], TeO 2 -SeO 2 -Li 2 O nano glass system [33] and PbO.…”