Comparison of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to gas chromatography (GC) – measurement of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in selected US fish extracts

Abstract

Robert O., "Comparison of an enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to gas chromatography (GC) -measurement of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in selected US fish extracts" (1999). USGS Comparison of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to gas chromatography (GC) ± measurement of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) AbstractThe analysis of PCBs in ®sh tissues by immunoassay methods was evaluated using ®sh collected from a US monitoring program, the National Contaminant Biomonitoring Program of the US Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. Selected composite whole ®sh samples, which represented widely varying concentrations and sources of PCBs, were extracted and subjected to congener PCB analysis by gas chromatography (GC) and total PCB analysis using an ELISA (ePCBs) calibrated against technical Aroclor 1248. PCB congener patterns in these ®shes were di erent from the patterns found in commercial Aroclors or their combinations as demonstrated by principal component analysis of normalized GC congener data. The sum of the PCB congeners measured by GC (total-PCBs) ranged from 37 to 4600 ng/g (wet weight). Concentrations of PCBs as determined by the ELISA method were positively correlated with total-PCBs and the ePCBs/total-PCBs ratios for individual samples ranged from 1 to 6. Ratios of ePCBs/totalPCBs for dilutions of Aroclors 1242, 1254, and 1260 and for matrix spikes range from 0.6 for 1242 to 2.5 for 1254 and 1260. These results suggest that higher chlorinated PCB congeners have higher a nity for the anti-PCB antibodies. Partial least squares with latent variable analysis of GC and ELISA data of selected Aroclors and ®sh samples also support the conclusion that ELISA derived PCB concentrations are dependent on the degree of chlorination. Ó

Organochlorine Chemical Residues in Fish from the Mississippi River Basin, 1995

“…Concentrations of 1.0 -3.2 g/g in individual 1995 samples and station means Ͼ 0.3 g/g occurred at NCBP Stations 24 (Ohio R. at Marietta, OH), 23 (Kanawha R. at Nitro, WV), 67 (Allegheny R.), 76 (Mississippi R. at Memphis), 111 (Mis-sissippi R. at Lake City, MN), 26 (Illinois R.), 28 (Arkansas R.), 70 (Ohio R. at Metropolis, IL), 27 (Mississippi R. at Guttenburg, IA), 112 (Mississippi R. at Dubuque, IA), 25 (Cumberland R. at Clarksville, TN), and 15 (Mississippi R. at Luling, LA; Figure 7). At most of these sites, mean concentrations either declined substantially (Stations 23,81,111,and 24) or did not change appreciably since the mid-1980s (Schmitt et al 1999c;Zajicek et al 2000; data not shown). Lee and Anderson (1998) also reported declining PCB concentrations in carp and walleye from urbanized areas of the MRB in Minnesota during 1975-95.…”

“…However, the toxicity of individual PCB congeners ranges over several orders of magnitude (Ahlborg et al 1994;van den Berg et al 1998) and varies with the endpoint being considered (Hansen 1998). The congener composition of weathered PCBs also varies greatly among NCBP locations and taxa (Zajicek et al 2000). Toxicity of PCB congeners and other dioxin-like compounds occurs through multiple mechanisms, both aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AhR) and non-AhR-mediated.…”

The H4IIE Cell Bioassay as an Indicator of Dioxin-like Chemicals in Wildlife and the Environment

“…Finally, recent techniques derived from the H4IIE cell bioassay (e.g., H4IIE cell lines transfected with AhR-responsive reporter genes) will be compared to the original bioassay. Other in vitro methods of estimating PHH concentrations in environmental samples exist (Roberts and Durst, 1995;Zajicek et al, 2000), but comparisons of these techniques with the H4IIE cell bioassay are beyond the scope of our review. The goal of this review is to provide the reader with an understanding of how and why the H4IIE cell bioassay has been used.…”

The potential of mechanism-based bioanalytical tools in ecotoxicological exposure and effect assessment

“…These assays have a sensitivity reaching the picogram level and were found to show a response roughly proportional to the toxic potency of the analysed congeners [9,26]. Dioxin and PCB immunoassays have been successfully applied to the analysis of soil, water, fly ash and biological tissue extracts, although examination of the last of these usually requires rather extensive sample preparation [26,27,28]. The correlation between dioxin equivalents derived from chemical analytical measurements or derived from immunoassays were found to be reasonably good.…”

“…For instance, in a screening study on the dioxins and furans in fly ash from a municipal waste incinerator, Focant et al reported r 2 -values of 0.84 for the correlation between MS/MS analytical data and immunoassay data [29]. For PCB levels in fish extracts, Zajicek et al found an r 2 -value of 0.75 [28]. A good correlation (r 2 = 0.92) between chemical (GC/MS) determinations and immunoassay results was also reported in a study on dioxin compounds in human milk [30].…”