Comparison of an ordered mesoporous aluminosilicate, silica, alumina, titania and zirconia in normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography

Grün, M.; Kurganov, A. A.; Schacht, S.; Schüth, Ferdi; Unger, Klaus K.

doi:10.1016/0021-9673(96)00205-1

Cited by 235 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Porous alumina provides a weak Lewis acidity and basicity as well as a low Bronsted acidity; the pK a of the Bronsted sites is 8.5 (Grun et al 1996). Weathering of primary minerals initially proceeds through hydrolytic breaking of the Si-O-Al linkages in the primary minerals, thereby releasing Al 3+ to the aqueous phase (Hiradate et al 1998).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The interaction between atrazine and the mineral horizon of soil: a spectroscopic study

et al. 2017

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Purpose In this paper, an attempt was made to explain the long-lasting occurrence of atrazine in soil. Despite the fact that this herbicide has been banned in European Union 10 years ago, it is still detected in the environment. Materials and methods Soil samples (organic and mineral horizon), SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 sorbents were spiked with atrazine. The ultrasound-assisted extraction coupled with gas chromatography-electron capture detector was performed to establish the atrazine recovery depending on the type of soil horizon and sorbent. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was conducted to determine the type of interactions between atrazine and sorbents. Results and discussion The atrazine recovery was lower for the mineral horizon (15%) compared to the organic horizon (63%). This finding suggests an interaction between atrazine and the mineral components of soil. Therefore, attempts have been made to explain atrazine's interaction with the main mineral components of soil, SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 , and to investigate the influence of pH on atrazine's behaviour in soil. The atrazine recoveries were 86.5 and 10.7% for Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2 , respectively. The obtained results demonstrated that the protonated atrazine exhibits stronger interactions with the soil mineral layer (recovery below 0.1%) in comparison to molecular form of atrazine (recovery 86%). FTIR results suggested interactions between atrazine and SiO 2 . FTIR analysis revealed that 1,3,5-azidine ring interacts with SiO 2 molecule. Conclusions In acidic soil, atrazine remediation is limited, especially if the soil contains minerals with high SiO 2 contents. This situation may cause the long-lasting persistence of atrazine in soil.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Amorphous silica has a weak Bronsted acidity due to the silanol groups. At higher temperatures under laboratory conditions, silica can develop Lewis acidity and basicity due to the activation of siloxane groups during the course of dehydration (Grun et al 1996, Kromidas 2005.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The interaction between atrazine and the mineral horizon of soil: a spectroscopic study

et al. 2017

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“…Although the surface chemistry of alumina is more complex than that of silica having several and distinct interaction sites, the number of Brönsted acid sites is low, and the strength of the Lewis acid and base is weak. 34 The amine mixture was also separated by a traditional C18 phase under the same chromatographic conditions as used for the aluminized silica phase (Fig. 4B).…”

Section: C18 Bonded Aluminized Silica Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

New Support for High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Based on Silica Coated with Alumina Particles

2014

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A new material based on silica coated with alumina nanoparticles was proposed for use as a chromatographic support for reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Alumina nanoparticles were synthesized by a sol-gel process in reversed micelles composed of sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, and the support material was formed by the self-assembly of alumina layers on silica spheres. Spectroscopic and 29 Si nuclear magnetic resonance results showed evidence of chemical bonds between the alumina nanoparticles and the silica spheres, while morphological characterizations showed that the aluminized silica maintained the morphological properties of silica desired for chromatographic purposes after alumina incorporation. Stability studies indicated that bare silica showed high dissolution (~83%), while the aluminized silica remained practically unchanged (99%) after passing one liter of the alkaline mobile phase, indicating high stability under alkaline conditions. The C18 bonded aluminized silica phase showed great potential for use in high-performance liquid chromatography to separate basic molecules in the reversed-phase mode.

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“…Kawahara and co-workers 9,10 have reported the commercially available zirconia were of interest as packing materials for liquid chromatography. Unger et al 1,11 have compared the chromatographic performance of zirconia, silica, alumina and titania in the normalphase HPLC mode. Their results indicate that zirconia is superior in the separation of basic compounds.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…20 Of the four mixed-oxide gels, silica-magnesia was reported to be effective for the separation of a basic solute. Grun et al 11 have investigated the chromatographic behavior of silica, alumina, titania, zirconia and the novel mesoporous aluminosilicate MCM-41 in normalphase high-performance liquid chromatography under comparable conditions. The MCM-41 exhibited acidic and basic properties, and was proved to be suitable for the separation of acidic, neutral and basic compounds.…”

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confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of Zirconia-Silica and Zirconia-Magnesia Supports for Normal-Phase Liquid Chromatography

Zhang

Feng

1999

ANAL. SCI.

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High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has become a practical, useful method for the separation and analysis of various types of soluble compounds. The development of liquid chromatography as an efficient separation technique was always dependent on the synthesis of suitable packing materials. Currently, silica-based packings are most widely used as a support for HPLC, owing to their high mechanical strength, narrow particle size distribution, high specific surface area, variance of pore size and well-documented chemistry of surface modification. 1 However, the silica-based packings have two significant limitations.1,2 One is remaining adsorptivity towards basic compounds due to silanol interaction, leading to asymmetric peaks. The second is a lack of pH stability because the silica back-bone, Si-O-Si, hydrolyzes at pH >8, and the siloxane bond is unstable at pH <2. Many attempts have been undertaken to overcome these drawbacks of silica-based materials: 1 coating with a sterically protected or densely bonded modifying layer 3 , modification with a polymeric reagent 4 , and coating with an inorganic oxide. 5,6 Nonetheless, these methods fall far short of fulfilling the requirements of the ideal support. Probably the most promising solution is the use of other oxides, e.g. alumina 2 , titania and zirconia 1,7,8 , magnesia 5 , other than silica as packing materials. Of the above-mentioned oxides, zirconia was reported to have the greatest potential for use as a packing material, owing to its high chemical and mechanical stability and defined properties. Kawahara and co-workers 9,10 have reported the commercially available zirconia were of interest as packing materials for liquid chromatography. Unger et al. 1,11 have compared the chromatographic performance of zirconia, silica, alumina and titania in the normalphase HPLC mode. Their results indicate that zirconia is superior in the separation of basic compounds. Nawrocki et al. 12 have studied the physical and chemical properties of microporous zirconia which exhibited excellent properties as a packing material. Modified zirconia with fluoride 13 , phosphate 14 and ethylenediamine-N,N′-tetramethylphosphonic acid (EDTPA) 15 have been investigated by Carr and colleagues for HPLC separation of proteins. They have also prepared carbon-16 and polymer-coated 17 zirconias as reversedphase chromatographic supports, and evaluated their liquid chromatographic performance. Trudinger et al. 8 have found that the separation ability of n-octadecylbonded zirconia packing materials is similar to those of silica-based materials except for showing pronounced pH stability up to pH 12 in aqueous organic mobile phase. Yu et al. 18 have prepared and evaluated zirconia bonded phases in hydrophilic interaction chromatography. Although zirconia-based packing materials are quite promising, they also have some limitations: they exhibit relatively low efficiency of some separation, owing to their poor pore structure. 19 A substantial amount of their zirconia surface is exposed in most...

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Comparison of an ordered mesoporous aluminosilicate, silica, alumina, titania and zirconia in normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography

Cited by 235 publications

References 12 publications

The interaction between atrazine and the mineral horizon of soil: a spectroscopic study

The interaction between atrazine and the mineral horizon of soil: a spectroscopic study

New Support for High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Based on Silica Coated with Alumina Particles

Preparation and Characterization of Zirconia-Silica and Zirconia-Magnesia Supports for Normal-Phase Liquid Chromatography

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