Comparison of Anti-Oxidative Effect of Human Adipose- and Amniotic Membrane-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Conditioned Medium on Mouse Preimplantation Embryo Development

Abstract

Oxidative stress is a major cause of damage to the quantity and quality of embryos produced in vitro. Antioxidants are usually supplemented to protect embryos from the suboptimal in vitro culture (IVC) environment. Amniotic membrane-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSC) have emerged as a promising regenerative therapy, and their paracrine factors with anti-oxidative effects are present in AMSC conditioned medium (CM). We examined the anti-oxidative potential of human AMSC-CM treatment during IVC on mouse preimplantation embryo development and antioxidant gene expression in the forkhead box O (FoxO) pathway. AMSC-CM (10%) was optimal for overall preimplantation embryo developmental processes and upregulated the expression of FoxOs and their downstream antioxidants in blastocysts (BL). Subsequently, compared to adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ASC)-CM, AMSC-CM enhanced antioxidant gene expression and intracellular GSH levels in the BL. Total antioxidant capacity and SOD activity were greater in AMSC-CM than in ASC-CM. Furthermore, SOD and catalase were more active in culture medium supplemented with AMSC-CM than in ASC-CM. Lastly, the anti-apoptotic effect of AMSC-CM was observed with the regulation of apoptosis-related genes and mitochondrial membrane potential in BL. In conclusion, the present study established AMSC-CM treatment at an optimal concentration as a novel antioxidant intervention for assisted reproduction.

Tissue‐mimetic culture enhances mesenchymal stem cell secretome capacity to improve regenerative activity of keratinocytes and fibroblasts in vitro

“…84,85 Therefore, antioxidants are critical compounds in the wound healing and tissue regeneration processes, with antioxidant treatments previously demonstrating the capacity to improve the wound healing process. [84][85][86] Stem cells are known to secrete antioxidants, 87 though upon becoming senescent stem cells have demonstrated a shift in the secretion of oxidants relative to antioxidant compounds. In this study, ASC-CM from the 3D system exhibited a significantly higher level of total antioxidant activity relative to 2D (Figure S5).…”

Transwell Culture with Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells and Fertilized Eggs Mimics the In Vivo Development of Fertilized Eggs to Blastocysts in the Fallopian Tube: An Animal Study

“…Recent studies have indicated that mesenchymal stem cells possess antioxidant properties against biological events [ 14 ]. Furthermore, a few studies have reported that mesenchymal stem cells are associated with the development of blastocysts in in vitro-produced embryos, suggesting that certain substances secreted from mesenchymal stem cells may play a critical role in the development of blastocysts [ 8 , 15 ]. In principle, stem cells can self-renew and differentiate into a variety of specialized cell types possessing infinite regenerative potential through their trophic properties [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”

“…However, it is not clear whether this positive effect can be attributed to these EVs. To date, a few reports have described that mesenchymal stem cells stimulate the development of blastocysts in in vitro-produced embryos, suggesting that a variety of paracrine factors as well as EVs may participate in the development of blastocysts in in vitro-produced embryos [ 8 , 15 ]. In this study, we aimed to examine the development of blastocysts from in vitro-produced embryos to create a new Transwell culture system for in vitro fertilization.…”

Redox-Active Molecules as Therapeutic Agents

“…Oxidative stress is a major cause of damage to the quantity and quality of embryos produced in vitro. A research paper by Ra et al [11] studied the conditioned medium of amniotic membrane-derived mesenchymal stem cells as a novel antioxidant intervention for assisted reproduction.…”