Comparison of aspiration and nonaspiration techniques for obtaining cytologic samples from the canine and feline spleen

LeBlanc, Casey J.; Head, Laurie L.; Fry, Michael M.

doi:10.1111/j.1939-165x.2009.00115.x

Cited by 29 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…All ultrasonographic examinations and ultrasound‐guided sample collection was performed using an 8 MHz curvilinear transducer. Fine‐needle sample collection was performed using 22‐gauge, 1.5‐inch‐long needles using a nonaspiration technique . A needle was guided into the spleen and then gently moved up and down along the needle tract in an attempt to harvest cells; no negative pressure was applied to the syringe .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fine‐needle sample collection was performed using 22‐gauge, 1.5‐inch‐long needles using a nonaspiration technique . A needle was guided into the spleen and then gently moved up and down along the needle tract in an attempt to harvest cells; no negative pressure was applied to the syringe . Splenic nodules that had characteristic ultrasonographic appearance of myelolipomas were not routinely sampled .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical relevance of splenic nodules or heterogeneous splenic parenchyma assessed by cytologic evaluation of fine‐needle samples in 125 dogs (2011‐2015)

Yankin

Nemanic

Funes

et al. 2019

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background: Splenic nodules and heterogeneous parenchyma are seen frequently in abdominal ultrasound examinations of dogs, but the clinical importance of these lesions remains unclear.Objectives: To determine whether specific ultrasonographic findings correlate with clinically relevant cytologic diagnoses and determine what sonographic features are correlated with these diagnoses. Another objective was to develop a scoring rubric to help clinicians make decisions on whether or not certain ultasonographic findings of the spleen warrant evaluation by fine-needle cytology.Animals: One-hundred twenty-five adult client-owned dogs with ultrasonographically identified splenic nodules, heterogeneous parenchyma, or both.Methods: Medical records were retrospectively searched for ultrasound-guided splenic fine-needle cytology reports. Ultrasonographic images were assessed for nodule number, size, echogenicity and distal enhancement, degree of splenic heterogeneity, and peritoneal fluid. Dogs were divided into 2 groups: those with clinically important or clinically irrelevant cytologic findings. Potentially useful and discriminatory ultrasonographic findings were identified by statistical analysis, and the most useful findings were used to generate the scoring rubric.Results: The clinically important group included 25 of 125 dogs (22 malignancies, 3 suppurative inflammation). Splenic nodules 1-2 cm in diameter, peritoneal fluid, and >1 targetoid nodule were associated with clinically important cytologic findings.Receiver operator characteristic analysis showed that the scoring rubric was useful for identifying dogs in the clinically important group.Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Splenic fine-needle cytologic findings identified a clinically relevant diagnosis in 20% of dogs, and larger nodule size, number of targetoid lesions, and presence of peritoneal fluid increase the likelihood of detection of clinically important disease.Abbreviations: AUC, area under the curve; CI, confidence interval; ROC, receiver operator characteristic.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical relevance of splenic nodules or heterogeneous splenic parenchyma assessed by cytologic evaluation of fine‐needle samples in 125 dogs (2011‐2015)

Yankin

Nemanic

Funes

et al. 2019

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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show abstract

“…In another study of diagnostic samples from 35 dogs, cytopathological and histopathological diagnoses agreed completely in 18 of 35 dogs (51%), partially in 3 of 35 dogs (9%) and were in disagreement in 14 of 35 dogs (40%) (Watson et al 2011 ). Non-aspiration techniques appear to be superior during FNA of the spleen in both cats and dogs because they produce samples of greater cellularity and less blood contamination (Leblanc et al 2009 ).…”

Section: A Closer Look At Sampling Specific Organs Livermentioning

confidence: 97%

“…A major advantage of the non-aspiration technique is reduced blood contamination when sampling highly vascular tissues, such as the spleen (Leblanc et al 2009 ), kidney and liver (Savage et al 1995, Raskin & Meyer 2015. Non-aspiration has been found to have similar or greater sensitivity to that of aspiration for a variety of tissues, including the spleen and abdominal lymph nodes (Menard & Papageorges 1995, Savage et al 1995, Wallace et al 2001, Sigstad et al 2004, Leblanc et al 2009, Sajeev & Siddaraju 2009, Jahromi et al 2015. In contrast, other studies have shown an increased diagnostic yield in the liver (Haseler et al 2011 ) and pancreas (Kinney et al 1993 ) when using aspiration as opposed to nonaspiration techniques.…”

Section: Aspiration Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Fine needle aspiration of abdominal organs: a review of current recommendations for achieving a diagnostic sample

Liffman

Courtman

2017

J of Small Animal Practice

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With the improved accessibility to ultrasound, fine needle aspiration of abdominal organs is now performed frequently in many veterinary practices. Despite this, there are many ‘unknowns’ as to the best method to produce a high‐quality sample. This report begins by highlighting recent literature on the risks and benefits of abdominal fine needle aspiration. It follows with recommendations about the equipment and method best suited to the procedure, including needle and syringe size and aspiration versus non‐aspiration techniques. Various smear preparations and laboratory submission requirements are also discussed. The final aspect of the review more specifically discusses fine needle aspiration of specific abdominal organs: the liver, kidney, spleen, pancreas, urinary bladder, prostate and abdominal lymph nodes.

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“…62 It should be noted that these statements are derived from a study involving 24 dogs and only seven cats, although it was felt by the authors that the results from the feline splenic samples mirrored those of their canine counterparts. 62 Several aspirates should be collected and, if ultrasound indicates the presence of central necrosis, samples should also be obtained at the margin of the lesion. 63 Where possible, it is helpful to stain and examine one or two slides prior to submission to a commercial laboratory to ensure samples have sufficient cellularity.…”

Section: Miscellaneous Conditions Infarctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feline abdominal ultrasonography: What’s normal? What’s abnormal? The spleen

Griffin

2021

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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Practical relevance: Abdominal ultrasound plays a vital role in the diagnostic work-up of many cats presenting to general and specialist practitioners. Ultrasound examination of the spleen provides important information to aid the investigation of several conditions and is particularly relevant when an enlarged or irregular spleen is identified during abdominal palpation. Clinical challenges: Despite ultrasonography being a commonly used modality, many practitioners are not comfortable performing an ultrasound examination or interpreting the resulting images. Even for the experienced ultrasonographer, differentiating between incidental findings and pathological changes can be challenging. Aim: This review, part of an occasional series on feline abdominal ultrasonography, discusses the ultrasound examination of the normal and diseased spleen. Aimed at general practitioners who wish to improve their knowledge of and confidence in feline abdominal ultrasound, this review is accompanied by high-resolution images and videos available online as supplementary material. Equipment: Ultrasound facilities are readily available to most practitioners, although the use of ultrasonography as a diagnostic tool is highly dependent on operator experience. Evidence base: Information provided in this article is drawn from the published literature and the author’s own clinical experience.

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Comparison of aspiration and nonaspiration techniques for obtaining cytologic samples from the canine and feline spleen

Abstract: These results suggest the nonaspiration technique is a superior method for obtaining a high-quality cytologic specimen from the canine and feline spleen.

Cited by 29 publications

References 11 publications

Clinical relevance of splenic nodules or heterogeneous splenic parenchyma assessed by cytologic evaluation of fine‐needle samples in 125 dogs (2011‐2015)

Clinical relevance of splenic nodules or heterogeneous splenic parenchyma assessed by cytologic evaluation of fine‐needle samples in 125 dogs (2011‐2015)

Fine needle aspiration of abdominal organs: a review of current recommendations for achieving a diagnostic sample

Feline abdominal ultrasonography: What’s normal? What’s abnormal? The spleen

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