Comparison of Autorefraction and Photorefraction with and without Cycloplegia Using 1% Tropicamide in Preschool Children

Yassa, Ertuğrul Tan; Ünlü, Cihan

doi:10.1155/2019/1487013

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…For the spherical component, this increase was 1.17D under cycloplegia. For the cylinder component, there was no difference in photorefraction with Plusoptix A09 [ 39 ]. Tuncer et al compared handheld Retinomax readings in children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study of Refraction between Wave Front-Based Refraction and Autorefraction without and with Cycloplegia in Children and Adolescents

Calvo-Maroto

Llorente-González

Bezunartea-Bezunartea

et al. 2022

Children

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The main aim of this study was to compare refraction measurements with and without cycloplegia from two refractors devices, (TRK-2P autorefractometer (TRK-2P) and wavefront-based refraction Visionix 130 (VX130)) in children and adolescents. This descriptive observational study included 20 myopic eyes and 40 hyperopic eyes measured in two different Spanish hospitals. Cycloplegia was carried out by three drops of cyclopentolate hydrochloride 1% (Colircusí cycloplegic, Alcon Healthcare S.A., Barcelona). The mean age of the myopia group was 12.40 ± 3.48 years; for the hyperopia group, the mean age was 7.37 ± 2.47 years. In the myopia group, autorefraction and wavefront-based refraction did not show clinically significant differences in any components between with and without cycloplegia. The hyperopia group showed statistical and clinically significant differences in sphere and SE components between relaxed and non-relaxed states of accommodation, although the cylindrical components were not clinically different. In this study, we considered a value of ≥0.50D as a clinically significant difference in refraction. Therefore, both devices were capable of obtaining accurate refractions without cyclopegia in myopia children, although they did not avoid instrument myopia and accommodation involved in hyperopia children. Moreover, both refractometers could be useful for astigmatism monitoring in children without the need for cycloplegic drops.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study of Refraction between Wave Front-Based Refraction and Autorefraction without and with Cycloplegia in Children and Adolescents

Calvo-Maroto

Llorente-González

Bezunartea-Bezunartea

et al. 2022

Children

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“…Depending on the autorefractometer used, the objective refraction measurements can be performed either with or without fogging, monocular or binocular, through the central or the whole pupil, and with or without open-field viewing. The results of objective refraction measurements vary among autorefractors, and those differences are in most cases clinically significant [ 6 , 7 , 8 ]. This could be explained due to the measurement principle and design of each.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Instrument Design and Technique on the Precision and Accuracy of Objective Refraction Measurement

Domínguez‐Vicent

Al‐Soboh

Brautaset

et al. 2020

JCM

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Background: To evaluate the precision and accuracy of objective refraction measurement obtained with combinations of instrument design and technique. We also compared the performance of the instruments with subjective refraction measurements. Method and analysis: The objective refraction was measured in 71 subjects with three autorefractometers that have different designs and measurement principles (binocular with fogging, binocular without fogging, and monocular with fogging). Repeatability and reproducibility metrics were calculated for the objective refraction measurements. The agreement of the objective refraction measurements between the three instruments and the agreement with the subjective refraction measurements were evaluated. Results: All three autorefractometers had repeatability and reproducibility limits smaller than 0.70D. The smallest difference (0.10D) in the spherical equivalent was seen between the two binocular instruments. Compared with the subjective refraction, the binocular without fogging technique had the smallest mean difference in spherical equivalent (<0.20D) whereas the binocular fogging technique had the smallest limit of agreement interval (1.00D). For all comparisons, the mean difference and limit of agreement interval for the cylindrical components were lower than 0.10D and 0.75D, respectively. Conclusion: All three instruments evaluated had good repeatability and reproducibility. The binocular fogging technique provided the best agreement with subjective refraction.

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“…Accuracy analysis of the cycloplegic measurements of both devices indicated that the cycloplegic measurements were more closely related to those of cycloplegic retinoscopy than the non-cycloplegic measurements, in terms of SE values. Although cycloplegic measurements with SureSight also yielded very close results, the cycloplegic measurements with Spot Vision were higher by about 0.25 D. Yilmaz Kiyak et al (9) found that cycloplegic measurements with the PlusOptix S04 (PlusOptix GmbH, Nuremberg, Germany), another photoscreener that uses the same principle, were higher by 1.06 D. Similarly, Yassa et al (26) reported that cycloplegic measurements with PlusOptix were higher by 0.78 D. Özdemir et al (27) found that photorefraction with cycloplegia led to overestimation of SE and spherical power. Schimitzek et al (17), on the other hand, reported that PlusOptix made cycloplegic measurements that were 0.12 D lower in an adult patient group (median age: 43 years).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Accuracy of photorefraction and wavefront-based autorefraction in children under 3 years of age.

Kara¹

2021

Beyoglu Eye J

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Objectives: This study was designed to assess the accuracy of photorefraction and wavefront-based autorefraction in children under 3 years of age. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed with children who had no ocular abnormalities other than a refractive error and were less than 3 years old. Spot Vision Screener (Welch Allyn Inc., Skaneateles Falls, NY, USA) was used for photorefraction and SureSight Vision Screener (Welch Allyn, Skaneateles Falls, NY) was used for autorefraction. The measurements were performed with both devices before and after cycloplegia. The results were compared with those obtained using cycloplegic retinoscopy. The assessments were performed in terms of spherical equivalent (SE) values and Jackson cross-cylinder power values (J0 and J45). Results: A total of 305 children with a mean age of 15.1±10.4 months were included. The mean SE values measured with the Spot Vision and SureSight before cycloplegia were 0.43±0.75 D and 0.90±0.86 D, respectively. Following cycloplegia, the mean SE values were 1.80±1.25 D and 1.55±1.40 D, respectively. The mean SE value obtained with cycloplegic retinoscopy was 1.53±1.34 D. The mean SE values measured with both devices prior to cycloplegia were significantly lower than that measured with cycloplegic retinoscopy (p<0.001). No significant difference was observed between the cycloplegic SE values obtained with SureSight and retinoscopy (p=0.66). Spot Vision yielded significantly higher cycloplegic SE values compared with cycloplegic retinoscopy (p<0.001). Conclusion: Both devices underestimated SE values in comparison with cycloplegic retinoscopy in children under 3 years of age. Wavefront-based autorefraction performed with cycloplegia may be an alternative to cycloplegic retinoscopy, but needs confirmation.

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Comparison of Autorefraction and Photorefraction with and without Cycloplegia Using 1% Tropicamide in Preschool Children

Cited by 10 publications

References 24 publications

Comparative Study of Refraction between Wave Front-Based Refraction and Autorefraction without and with Cycloplegia in Children and Adolescents

Comparative Study of Refraction between Wave Front-Based Refraction and Autorefraction without and with Cycloplegia in Children and Adolescents

Effect of Instrument Design and Technique on the Precision and Accuracy of Objective Refraction Measurement

Accuracy of photorefraction and wavefront-based autorefraction in children under 3 years of age.

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