Comparison of beamforming algorithms for retro-directive arrays with faulty elements

Embryonics Based Phased Array Antenna Structure With Self-Repair Ability

“…Therefore, researchers have paid great attention to the excitation recalculation, and different calculating methods have been studied. Some intelligence optimization algorithm based schemes have been reported, including genetic algorithms (GA) [7], [12]- [14], adaptive genetic algorithm (AGA) [15], firefly algorithm (FA) [12], [16], [17], particle swarm optimization (PSO) [10], [18], quantum particle swarm optimization (QPSO) [19], bacteria foraging optimization (BFO) [10], cuckoo search algorithm [20], cuckoo search-chicken swarm optimization (CSCSO) [21], flower pollination algorithm [22], [23], recursive intelligent optimizer (RIO) [24], whale optimization algorithm (WOA) and chaotic whale optimization algorithm (CWOA) [25], grey wolf optimizer hybridized with an interior point algorithm [26], greedy sparseness constrained optimization (GSCO) technique [27], differential evolution (DE) algorithm [28], Taguchi algorithm [29]. Iterative Fourier transform (IFT) [5], [30], [31] and quantized IFT (QIFT) [32] is another method for calculating the excitation of remaining elements.…”