Comparison of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis and Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry for Total and Segmental Bone Mineral Content with a Three-Compartment Model

Abstract

Modern bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) provides a wide range of body composition estimates such as fat mass (FM), lean body mass (LBM), and body water, using specific algorithms. Assuming that the fat free mass (FFM) and LBM can be accurately estimated by the 8-electrode BIA analyzer (BIA8MF; InBody230, Biospace), the bone mineral content (BMC) may be calculated by subtracting the LBM from the FFM estimates based on the three-compartment (3C) model. In this cross-sectional study, 239 healthy Taiwanese adults (106 male and 133 female) aged 20–45 years were recruited for BIA and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measurements of the whole body and body segments, with DXA as the reference. The results showed a high correlation between BIA8MF and DXA in estimating total and segmental LBM, FM and percentage body fat (r = 0.909–0.986, 0.757–0.964, and 0.837–0.936, respectively). For BMC estimates, moderate to high correlations (r = 0.425–0.829) between the two methods were noted. The percentage errors and pure errors for BMC estimates between the methods ranged from 33.9% to 93.0% and from 0.159 kg to 0.969 kg, respectively. This study validated that BIA8MF can accurately assesses LBM, FM and body fat percentage (BF%). However, the estimation of segmental BMC based on the difference between FFM and LBM in body segments may not be reliable by BIA8MF.

Strength and Performance Tests for Screening Reduced Muscle Mass in Elderly Lebanese Males with Obesity in Community Dwellings

“…However, multi-frequency BIA has been found to be a very accurate measurement and is widely used in different clinical settings. Moreover, it has been shown to be strictly correlated with DXA SMM measurements in healthy adults [ 27 , 28 ], and has been widely validated in individuals with overweight and obesity [ 29 , 30 ]. Finally, the cross-sectional nature of our study has to be considered a further limitation.…”

Association between Levels of Physical Activity, Sarcopenia, Type 2 Diabetes and the Quality of Life of Elderly People in Community Dwellings in Lebanon

“…Secondly, we assessed body composition using the impedance analyzer; despite its validation vs. Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) scans, it is still not accepted as a gold-standard technique. However, multi-frequency BIA has been found to be a very accurate measurement; it correlates with DXA in healthy adults [ 36 , 37 ], and has been widely validated in overweight and obese individuals in several clinical settings [ 38 , 39 ]. Thirdly, in relation to the cross-sectional design, no causal associations could be inferred between levels of PA and clinical outcomes, and the small sample of our study should be considered with regard to other limitations.…”

Segmental Phase Angle and Body Composition Fluctuation of Elite Ski Jumpers between Summer and Winter FIS Competitions

“…BIA is non-invasive and easy to perform and serves as a valuable tool for the evaluation of body composition and the assessment of nutritional status in either clinical patients, healthy population, or athletes [5][6][7][8]. BIA provides body composition comparable with other methods such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and hydrostatic weighing [9][10][11][12][13]. In addition, BIA is a good tool for ski jumpers, as it can be used to control the endurance of the training process in order to protect against the harmful effects of excessive endurance exercises that are part of the training to prepare jumpers for competitions [14,15].…”