Comparison of biological and chemical methods to predict nitrogen mineralization in animal wastes

Serna, M. D.; Pomares, Fernando

doi:10.1007/bf00341481

Cited by 49 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The amount of N that was mineralized from SBM is consistent with other reports, such as that of Van Kessel et al (2000), who reported that the proportion of manure organic N that was mineralized during an aerobic incubation varied widely, from (29% (net immobilization) to 55% (net mineralization). Other studies have also shown that mineralization of organic N from cow manure in the first year of application is highly variable, ranging from 0 to 50% (Serna and Pomares 1991;Kirchman and Lundvall 1993;Paul and Beauchamp 1994). From our study, it was obvious that environmental conditions played a significant role in the proportion of applied organic N that was mineralized during the growing season, and that the estimation of manure N availability could not be made without taking into consideration the environmental conditions.…”

Section: N Mineralizationmentioning

confidence: 64%

Nitrogen mineralization in beef- and pig-manure-amended soils measured using anion resin method

IgeD.¹,

SayemS.

AkinremiO.

2015

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Ige, D. V., Sayem, S. M. and Akinremi, O. O. 2015. Nitrogen mineralization in beef-and pig-manure-amended soils measured using anion resin method. Can. J. Soil Sci. 95: 305Á319. A major challenge facing the widespread use of manure is the uncertainty about its fertilizer equivalence. This study was carried out to determine the fertilizer equivalence of locally available manures in two soils in Manitoba. A randomized complete block design was adopted with six treatments [nitrogen fertilizer, a liquid swine manure (LSM), three solid beef manures (SBM) and a control] and four replicates. Each treatment was applied to a cylindrical soil column installed at the site at the rate of 100 kg ha(1 of ''available N'', and leached NO 3 -N was captured by resin bags at the bottom of the cylinder. The soils and resin bags removed from the cylinders were sampled at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 14, and 18 wk following treatment application. Ammonium nitrogen in the amendments was nitrified within the first 2 to 3 wk with significant build-up of NO 3 -N in the soil above the control (PB0.05). The greatest available N was in the fertilizer treatment, followed by the LSM and the smallest was in the SBM. The available N in the three SBM was statistically similar (P0.05). Approximately 50% of the inorganic N in LSM was available during the growing season, while 68 to 100% of SBM inorganic N was available. Between 4 and 25% of the organic N in the three SBM was mineralized during the growing season. High soil moisture hindered N mineralization and enhanced N loss in the clay soil. LSM has the greatest fertilizer equivalence, with a mean of 65 to 68%, of the four manure types used. The fertilizer equivalence of the three SBM ranged between 42 and 59% and was influenced by the manure C:N ratio and the soil environmental conditions. Our study suggests the need to revise the assumptions regarding manure N availability by considering soil environmental factors in the estimation of available N. L'azote ammoniacal des amendements se nitrifie au cours des deux ou trois premie`res semaines et on observe une importante accumulation de N-NO 3 dans le sol au-dessus du traitement te´moin (P B0,05). La plus grande quantite´de N disponible a e´te´releve´e avec l'usage d'engrais, puis de lisier de porc, la plus faible de´coulant de l'application du fumier de bovins. La quantite´de N disponible dans les trois types de fumier de bovins e´tait statistiquement similaire (P 0,05). Environ 50 % du N inorganique pre´sent dans le lisier de porc peuvent eˆtre utilise´s durant la pe´riode ve´ge´tative, contre 68 a`100 % de celui pre´sent dans le fumier de bovins. Quatre a`25 % du N organique pre´sent dans les trois fumiers de bovins sont mine´ralise´s pendant la pe´riode de croissance. Une forte teneur en eau dans le sol nuit a`la mine´ralisation du N et favorise la perte de N dans le sol argileux. Le lisier de porc se rapproche le plus des engrais, avec une e´quivalence moyenne de 65 a`68 % pour les quatre types de fumier teste´s. L'e´quivalence des trois types de ...

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Section: N Mineralizationmentioning

confidence: 64%

Nitrogen mineralization in beef- and pig-manure-amended soils measured using anion resin method

IgeD.¹,

SayemS.

AkinremiO.

2015

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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“…Although poultry manure has a much lower proportion of total N comprised of mineral N (2.9%) than DEC (11.5%), it had the second lowest C:N ratio (7.1) among all the manures used (Table 2). Laboratory incubation studies indicate that the organic N is more easily mineralized in poultry manure than hog and cattle manures (Hadas et al 1983;Chae and Tabatabai 1986;Serna and Pomares 1991;Chadwick et al 2000).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Availability of nitrogen in solid manure amendments with different C:N ratios

Qian¹,

Schoenau²

2002

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

118

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Qian, P. and Schoenau, J. J. 2002. Availability of nitrogen in solid manure amendments with different C:N ratios. Can. J. Soil Sci. 82: 219-225. Manures behave differently as sources of available N due to differences in the amounts and forms of N in the manure. The C:N ratio is an important factor affecting the rate of mineralization and release of available N from manures in which the majority of N is contained in organic forms. In order to ascertain the effect of manure C:N ratio on N mineralization in manureamended soils, 13 solid manures with a large range in C:N ratio were applied to two Saskatchewan soils (Haverhill sandy loam and Blaine Lake clay loam) at 100 mg N kg -1 along with control (no manure) treatments. A growth chamber experiment was conducted to evaluate the relationship between manure C:N ratio and canola yield and N uptake, and a laboratory incubation was conducted to measure how the addition of manures with different C:N ratios affected the pattern of N release in the soils as measured by supply rates to anion exchange membrane (PRS™) probes placed directly in the soil. Canola (Brassica napus var. Sprint) was grown under the same environmental conditions to maturity, and yield and nutrient contents were determined. A significant increase in canola yield and N uptake was observed over the control in both soils only when amended with poultry manure (C:N 7.6) or a pelletized form of hog manure that was supplemented with fertilizer N (C:N 6.6). A significant negative correlation was found between cattle manure organic C:N ratio and N mineralization. Overall, the manures showed limited release of available N over the short-term (67 d) when the organic C:N ratio was in the range of 13-15 and tended to decrease N availability in the shortterm if the organic C:N ratio was over 15. The C:N ratio appears to be a useful parameter to measure when attempting to predict the effects of solid manure amendments on short-term N availability. Les fumiers ne se comportent pas toujours de la même façon comme source d'azote (N) parce que la quantité et la forme d'azote qu'ils contiennent varient. Le ratio entre le carbone et l'azote (C:N) est un paramètre important qui influe sur la minéralisation et la libération du N disponible dans le fumier, où l'azote se rencontre surtout sous une forme organique. Pour vérifier l'incidence du ratio C:N sur la minéralisation de l'azote dans les sols amendés avec du fumier, les auteurs ont appliqué treize fumiers solides au ratio C:N très variable sur deux sols de la Saskatchewan (loam sablonneux Haverhill et loam argileux Blaine Lake) à raison de 100 mg de N par kilo, puis ont comparé les résultats avec ceux obtenus sur une parcelle témoin (sans apport de fumier). Un essai en phytotron a permis d'analyser les liens entre le ratio C:N du fumier et le rendement du canola ainsi que l'assimilation de N tandis qu'un test d'incubation en laboratoire a servi à établir comment l'addition de fumier au ratio C:N différent modifie la libéra-tion du N, mesurée au moyen de sondes à membra...

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“…From the management of animal manures it is known that their composition varies between animal species (Flachowsky and Hennig 1990;Levi-Minzi et al 1990;Serna and Pomares 1991). Incubation experiments indicate that organic C and N are typically less mineralizable in manures with lower N content like cattle manure than in manures with higher N content like swine and poultry (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substrate inputs, nutrient flows and nitrogen loss of two centralized biogas plants in southern Germany

Möller

Müller

2010

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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In Germany, centralized biogas digestion plants (BGP) have been recently constructed. BGPs purchase the substrates from surrounding farmers and, in return, farmers receive the effluents. Substrate inputs, nutrient inputs and outputs were studied for two BGPs with effluent liquid-solid separation. Additionally, the path of the nitrogen (N) during manure handling was assessed. Silage maize (65-75% of the dry matter (DM) inputs) and grass (ca. 20% of the DM inputs) were the main inputs in both BGPs. During manure handling, it is estimated that 20-25% of the N in the effluents was lost via gaseous N emissions. From an environmental point of view the two main challenges are to reduce these gaseous N losses, and to provide N via the effluents mainly for spring manure application, and less so for autumn application. In solid effluents, gaseous N losses during storage are the main potential N loss pathway, whereas for liquid effluents gaseous N losses during and after field spreading are of great relevance. Current management indicated that approximately 50% of the N in the effluents was available for spring application and approximately 30% in autumn due to cleanout of stores before winter. Calculations show that the use of substrates with high DM content during autumn and winter would reduce the demand for storage capacity, thus reducing the demand for store's cleanout in autumn. This leads to effluents with higher nutrient concentration that are very suitable for application to spring sown crops. Furthermore, some substrates like cereal grains and grass lead to effluents higher in N, whereas silage maize and other substrates lead to effluents low in N. An adapted substrate management would allow more N for spring application. The cycles of P and K are closed, enabling a complete replenishment of the P and K outputs.

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Comparison of biological and chemical methods to predict nitrogen mineralization in animal wastes

Cited by 49 publications

References 18 publications

Nitrogen mineralization in beef- and pig-manure-amended soils measured using anion resin method

Nitrogen mineralization in beef- and pig-manure-amended soils measured using anion resin method

Availability of nitrogen in solid manure amendments with different C:N ratios

Substrate inputs, nutrient flows and nitrogen loss of two centralized biogas plants in southern Germany

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