Comparison of Blood Requirements during Morphine and Halothane Anesthesia for Open-heart Surgery

Stanley, Theodore H.; Gray, Neal H.; Isern-Amaral, Jesus; Patton, Clifton M.

doi:10.1097/00000542-197407000-00007

Cited by 27 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…75 ,78 The degree of venodilation is dose-related and necessitates an increase in the volume of blood and/or crystalloid fluids to maintain adequate ventricular filling pressure. 75 Patients anaesthetised with halothane as compared with those anaesthetised with morphine have increased blood requirements during and after operation ( Table 2). Venodilation and increased blood requirements apparently do not occur with lower doses of morphine «0.5 mg/kg) plus N20.…”

Section: 21mentioning

confidence: 99%

Opiate Anaesthesia

Stanley

1987

Anaesth Intensive Care

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Current use of opioids in anaesthesia is reviewed with particular emphasis on the use of opioids in anaesthetic doses, techniques that recently have become popular in cardiovascular anaesthesia. A major benefit of opioid anaesthesia (particularly fentanyl) is the cardiovascular stability which obtains during induction and throughout operation, even in patients with severely impaired cardiac function. Anaesthetic doses of morphine are associated with a higher incidence of cardiovascular disturbances and other problems. Pethidine is unsuitable for cardiovascular surgery because of severe haemodynamic disturbances when high doses are given. Sufentanil and alfentanil may prove more suitable alternatives. High doses of opioids can reduce or prevent hormonal and metabolic responses to the stress of surgery. Even very large doses of fentanyl or its new analogues do not prevent marked increases in plasma catecholamine concentrations in response to cardiopulmonary bypass. The reduction in hormonal and metabolic stress response does not appear to continue postoperatively.

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Section: 21mentioning

confidence: 99%