Comparison of body composition changes between low calorie high protein diet to standard protein in obese individuals with weight cycling – a randomised trial

Abstract

Background: The world prevalence of obesity in adult population in 2014 was nearly 13% while in Indonesia, it has reached 32.9% in the same year. Obesity is an established risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. A large proportion of people who had succeeded to reduce body weight failed to maintain it (weight cycling). Studies were inconclusive about the best composition in the diet for such people. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the body composition changes resulted from low calorie high protein and standard protein diet programme in obese people with history of weight cycling. Methods: This is an open-randomized clinical trial of weight loss program as a part of a larger study researching the effect of low calorie high protein diet to body composition, oxidative stress, inflammation marker and metabolic syndrome in obese with weight cycling. A total of 61 adult obese men and women with history of weight cycling were recruited. Subjects were assigned to low calorie diet and were randomly distributed into two intervention groups, namely high protein group (22-30 % of total calories intake) and standard protein group (12-20%). Anthropometry and body composition data were taken at baseline and at the end of the study. Subjects were followed up to 8 weeks with daily reminder and weekly counselling. Results: Fourty five participants completed the study. There were significant reductions in in body weight and body mass index (BMI), fat mass, fat mass percentage, muscle mass, and gain in muscle mass percentage occurred in both groups (Standard protein: P<0.001; High protein: P<0.001 for all variables except for fat mass P= 0,001) with no difference between group (P>0.05). Conclusion: Calories deficit with either high protein or standard protein for 8 weeks brought about significant reduction in body composition

A pilot study of high-protein diet consumption and its effects on waist circumference and body fat percentage among gym goers in Cyberjaya

“…This is inconsistent with clinical trials done in Iran (3), which found that a highprotein diet showed significant reduction in fat mass (28.05 ±2.38 kg to 24.85 ±3.06 kg), compared to a normal protein diet (29.55 ±6.09 kg to 26.00 ±5.43 kg), with a high protein diet showing less loss in fat-free mass than the normal protein diet. Another study also showed significant differences in pre-and postintervention fat mass for a high-protein diet (31.46 ±7.69 kg to 28.43 ±8.65 kg) (p=0.001), but is not significant when comparing a high-protein diet to a normal protein diet (p=0.062) (9). In both these studies the subjects were also put on a low caloric diet, which was not evaluated in our study.…”

Comparison of plasma malondialdehyde and glutathione levels between low calorie high protein diet to standard protein in obese individuals with weight cycling – a randomised trial

“…There are two parallel intervention group with the allocation ratio of 1:1, namely high protein (HP) and standard protein (SP) groups. There were no changes made to the methods after the study had been started (original trial protocol can be found in our sister article 11 ).…”

“…The diet programmes were conducted over 8 weeks. Subjects were asked to self-report daily food consumptionin a logbook (see supplementary material on our sister article 11 ). Subjects were also followed up daily by cellphone texting and and weekly counselling by direct meeting with each participant to ensure adherence to the diet plan.…”

Comparison of hs-CRP level between low calorie high protein to standard protein diet in obese individuals with weight cycling - a randomised trial

“…There are two intervention groups with the allocation ratio 1:1, namely high protein (HP) group and standard protein (SP) group. There were no changes made to the methods after the study had been started (original trial protocol can be found in our sister article 10 ).…”