Comparison of body composition parameters in the study of the association between body composition and pulmonary function

Abstract

Background The excess adiposity, even in the absence of diseases, is responsible for a decline in pulmonary function, which is considered a predictor of mortality and a risk factor for diseases in several epidemiological studies. However, studies on the association between obesity and pulmonary function have found only few associations or inconclusive results. The aim of the study is to evaluate the association between body composition and spirometric parameters, comparing simple obesity measures such as body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference with more precise body composition measurements such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and air-displacement plethysmography (BOD POD). Methods This is an observational, cross-sectional study that used data from the 1978/79 Ribeirão Preto birth cohort (São Paulo, Brazil). The study included 1746 participants from the 5th follow-up of the cohort. Linear regressions were calculated to evaluate the association between BMI, waist circumference, waist–height ratio (WHtR), BOD POD- and DXA-measured fat mass percentage, and spirometric parameters FEV1, and FVC. Results For every 1-kg/m2 BMI increase, FVC decreased by 13 ml in males and by 6 ml in females and FEV1 decreased by 11 ml and 5 ml, respectively. Regarding body composition measurements, for a 1% increase in fat mass assessed by BOD POD, FVC decreased by 16 ml in males and by 8 ml in females and FEV1 decreased by 13 ml and 7 ml, respectively. Hence, negative associations between body measurements and FEV1 and FVC were observed in both genders, especially when using the fat mass measurement and were more expressive in men. Conclusion The anthropometric and body composition parameters were negatively associated with the spirometric variables FVC and FEV1. We have also observed that simple measures such as waist-height ratio were sufficient to detect the association of body composition with pulmonary function reduction.

Obesity-Related Indices Are Associated with Longitudinal Changes in Lung Function: A Large Taiwanese Population Follow-Up Study

“…Furthermore, in a 2016 study of 617 participants, the mild COPD group (72 participants) showed an even higher mean decline in FEV1 (129 mL/year) [55]. In a 2021 cohort study of 1746 participants, each 1-cm increase in WC decreased FEV1 by 6 mL in men and by 2 mL in women [56]. In addition, in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study, the mean decline in FEV1 among participants with a baseline BMI ≥ 26.4 kg/m 2 was 6.4 mL/year [57].…”

Modeling of appropriate spirometric indicators in practically healthy young women from Podillia with ectomorphic somatotype

“…The use of regression analysis makes it possible to create mathematical equations for determining the appropriate parameters of various organs and systems [3,11,18], in particular for spirometric forecasting, where predictors are anthropometric and somatotypological variables [4,7]. Despite the fact that there are separate works in which mathematical modeling of external breathing indicators is performed [1,8,15], this does not negate the expediency of such studies, especially for certain ethno-territorial population groups of a certain age, sex, health status, constitutional type, because it will make it possible to establish reference values of spirometric parameters.…”

“…The practical importance of using mathematical modeling to determine the reference values of spirographic parameters is emphasized by many researchers who draw attention to the need to take into account the factor of sex and age [4,7,15]. Unfortunately, there are no works that study the complex influence of all anthropometric and somatotypological indicators on spirometric parameters in healthy young people.…”

“…It is interesting that a certain number of studies related to the relationship between the indicators of pulmonary ventilation and the characteristics of fat deposition, such as fat and lean body mass, sagittal diameter of the abdomen, and the total amount of water in the body [4,15,24]. It has been proven that obesity, even in the absence of disease, is the cause of a decrease in external respiration, which is considered a predictor of mortality and a risk factor for diseases [7]. From our point of view, it is interesting to determine the dependence of spirometric indicators on the total influence of parameters of the external structure of the body in young women of the ectomorphic somatotype, which are characterized by minimal development of subcutaneous adipose tissue.…”

Epidemiology and outcome of pressure injuries in critically ill patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A propensity score adjusted analysis

“…COPD is a chronic inflammatory lung disease which is considered a systemic disease 15 . Multi-morbidity including hormonal, metabolic and musculoskeletal derangements are common [16][17][18] . In the context of critical illness, COPD represents an independent risk factor for unfavourable outcomes including increased length of ICU stay, prolonged ventilator weaning, muscle wasting and interrupted skin integrity 19 , ICU readmission, and death 14,20,21 .…”