Background: Displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures (DIACF) can seriously affect foot function. The conventional surgical approach is the extensile lateral approach (ELA), but it has a high incidence of complications. To reduce the complications associated with ELA, many minimally invasive approaches have been suggested. The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical efficacy and complications of the ELA and a modified sinus tarsi approach (MSTA) for the treatment of DIACF.Methods: One-hundred eight patients (107 feet) with Sanders II~IV calcaneal fractures were retrospectively analysed, including 52 patients (56 feet) in the MSTA group and 56 patients (61 feet) in the ELA group. The functional and radiological results of the affected foot were analysed retrospectively. Functional evaluation included AOFAS, VAS, and SF-36. Radiological evaluation included preoperative and postoperative changes in the Bohler Angle, Gissane Angle, length, width, and height of the calcaneus. The postoperative complications were also collected and analysed. Results: The average AOFAS scores of the MSTA group and the ELA group were 80.57±7.80 and 77.34±8.29 (p=0.033), respectively. The postoperative VAS scores of the MSTA group and the ELA group were 1.66±0.98 and 2.03±0.98 (p=0.043), respectively. The postoperative SF-36-PCS score of the MSTA group was superior to that of the ELA group (77.91±5.03 vs. 74.20±5.07, p<0.000), while there was no significant difference in the SF-36-MCS score (74.84±7.77 vs 72.70±8.21, p=0.153). After surgery, the Bohler Angle, Gissane Angle, and the length, width, and height of the calcaneus were significantly improved in the MSTA group and the ELA group, but there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups. The incidence of wound healing complications in the MSTA group and the ELA group was 5.36% and 14.75% (p < 0.000). Sural nerve injury and subtalar arthritis complications were less common in the MSTA group than in the ELA group (p<0.000).Conclusion: For DIACF, the MSTA was able to achieve similar effects of anatomical reconstruction and postoperative foot function recovery as the ELA, while also effectively reducing the incidence of postoperative sural nerve injury and wound healing complications and shortening the length of hospital stay.